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Direct comparison of the 1968 and 1975 survey figures is difficult because the 1975 survey covered four more habitat units, 81 more air miles and 64 more habitat Table 5. Tables 1 through 3 show actual sightings for each year. Table 5 shows some adjusted figures that suggest a population trend.

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139 Aleutian Canada geese were released on Agattu during the summer of 1978.117 geese were incubator hatched and captivereared while 22 were wild reared geese from Buldir. The captivereared birds consisted of 52 oneyear old geese raised at the refuge propagation center on Amchitka, and 19 oneyear old, 17 twoyear old, 18 threeyear old, 8 fouryear old and 3 fiveyear old geese raised at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center at Laurel, Maryland. Within this total, nine pairs were present: 17 captive reared adults and one wild bird that had been present at Amchitka since 1976. These pairs had been culled from the Amchitka breeding flock in the hope that they would be successful breeders under wild conditions.

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This report presents information collected during the second year of a three year study by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service of the Porcupine caribou herds calving distribution, initial productivity and neonatal mortality. Calving distribution and areas of concentrated calving activity were determined by relocation of 31 radiocollared adult 3 years old female caribou Rangifer tarandus, and by aerial reconnaissance surveys during late spring migration and calving seasons.

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Species lists and cursory observations taken during a windforced layover at Kiska Island, while enrooted to Buldir.

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Guidelines to maintain western whistling swans at average midwinter center of 38,000, with current distribution pattern throughout range, and provide for multiple uses of these swans.

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Early and late duck production surveys of 125 randomly selected waterbodies and of sections of the Nowitna and Sulatna rivers were conducted on the Nowitna NWR in 1987. Totals of 389and 347 broods were observed during the early and late surveys, respectively. American wigeon broods were the most commonly observed. Northern pintail broods were apparently more abundant than in past years. Overall duck production increased over 1986 on 20 waterbodies surveyed both years, but individual species showed inconsistent changes between years. Average brood sizes for all species changed only slightly from 5year running averages. Mean hatch dates and onset of flight dates were earlier than in past years for most species. Mallard and northern pintail broods were the most commonly observed on the Nowitna and Sulatna rivers. The number of broods observed on the rivers declined substantially from early to late surveys.

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The amount of potentially disturbing activity in the vicinity of the Pribilof Islands and the legal mandates concerning protection of the seabird colonies there makes the area high priority for longterm monitoring. The available data on reproductive success for cormorants, murres, and kittiwakes is becoming sufficiently extensive to provide a basis for understanding some of the ecological principals of the southeastern Bering Sea. Already scientists have used this data set to formulate hypotheses about which factors cause fluctuations in reproductive success e.g. Hunt et al. 1981, Lloyd 1985. Only by understanding natural fluctuations can mancaused effects on the marine ecosystem be assessed. Information on annual reproductive success coupled with data on changes in populations will help managers understand the relationships between the two. We recommend that data on productivity and populations continue to be gathered annually for at least five more years at St. Paul and St. George. The intensity of the work should be similar to the 1985 effort for at least two more years and then reduced if evaluation of methods indicates less effort is needed to get the necessary information. Refuge personnel should conduct the annual monitoring, but independent research should be encouraged by other agencies or universities to address various questions about how the Pribilof ecosystem functions.

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Tufted puffins were the most abundant seabirds, estimated at 68,000 breeding birds. Three nocturnal species were identified: Forktailed StormPetrel, Leachs StormPetrel, and Ancient Murrelet.

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Our moose population estimate for the surveyed area was calculated to be 1,864 1911. This included a low stratum estimate of 241, a medium stratum estimate of 1,090, and a high stratum census total of 533. Density estimates for the low, medium, and high strata were 0.07 moosemi2, 0.90 moosemi2, and2.1 moosemi2, respectively

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In July 1987, 58 young bald eagles Haliaeetus leucocephalus were translocated from southeast Alaska to five lower 48 states: New York, Indiana, Tennessee, Missouri and North Carolina. This was the seventh consecutive year bald eagles have been taken from nests in southeast Alaska and transferred southward in an effort to reestablish viable breeding populations in other parts of the country.

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Colonies of Doublecrested Cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus, Pelagic Cormorants P. pelagicus, Glaucouswinged Gulls Larus glaucescens, Blacklegged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla, Common Murres Uria aalge, and Tufted Puffins Lunda cirrhata were studied from 28 April to 9 September 1976. Abundance, distribution, breeding status, reproductive success, and factors influencing that success were determined for each species. General distribution of colonies in 1976 was the same as found by previous observers for all species except Pelagic Cormorants which shifted breeding areas. All suitable nesting areas were occupied by species for which the habitat appeared most appropriate. Although data from previous studies was not adequate to permit direct comparison of nesting densities, populations seemed to be similar to other years.

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In 1974 and 1975 breeding Aleutian Canada geese, Branta canadensis leucopareia, were studied at Buldir Island, western Aleutian Islands. Buldir is the only known breeding station for this endangered subspecies. In 1974 geese arrived from an unknown wintering area during the first week in May, and some were laying by May 20. Due to the late spring, involving cooler than normal temperatures and lingering snow from the deepest snowfall on record, geese nested about one week later in 1975. Nests were search for each year. Incomplete coverage of the island revealed 30 nests in 1974 and 45 in 1975. The 1975 count my represent only about 25 of the total nests actually on Buldir. Clutch size averaged 5.4 and 5.9 in the two years. At least some geese departed Buldir during the first week of September but most remained when investigators left on September 6, 1974 and September 5, 1975.

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Past and current status, policies, objectives, and recommendations for Pacific coast brant.

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Life histories, present status, problems, goals, and strategies for management of the Alaska polar bear population.

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Life histories, present status, problems, goals, and strategies for management of the Pacific walrus population.

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This report summarizes the waterfowl breeding pair survey results for the Alaska and Yukon territory during the 1968 breeding season. Population indexes were up for all species of ducks except goldeneye, bufflehead and eider, species for which the sample is inadequate. The total index was up 73 from last year and up 35 from the ten year average and is the highest index in thirteen years of comparable surveys. Good production in 1967 would account for part of the increase but the indications are that there has been an influx of ducks from other areas as well.

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Goose production on the YK Delta in 1985 remained depressed. Environmental conditions of the late spring were partially responsible, but do not fully explain decreased production since densities, success and clutch sizes do not differ significantly from 1984, which was an average year in regard to environmental conditions. Clearly, several interrelated factors having variable effects between years control goose production on the YK Delta.

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Nesting success in all 4 species remained considerably below levels reported in recent years. Cackling Canada geese averaged 44 nest survival and Emperor geese had 66 nest success, both about the same as the low production shown last year. Whitefronted geese declined to 60 nest success and Pacific Black Brant increased slightly to 37 success. Although 1985 was a late spring, clutch size, nesting density, and nesting success were close to levels observed in 1984, an average year with respect to environmental conditions.

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This report outlines our findings resulting from a month survey 15 July to 11 August, 1970 of raptorial birds along the proposed T.A.P.S. route. We were instructed to be primarily concerned with the density and status of peregrine falcons along this route. Therefore much of what we say and conclude will concern that species. Because of the magnitude of such an undertaking, and in light of the function of the project, we confined the majority of our efforts to within one to two miles of the proposed route.

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Apparent nonsurvival of geese reintroduced in 1978 and observations of groups of wild geese and handreared geese reintroduced in 1978.

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This report covers the proposed plans for the administration of the Aleutian Islands National Wildlife Refuge. Main topics in the report include the administration, brown bear, refuge residence, status of islands, and budget. A report for each island is included.

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The purposes of this study were to 1 continue monitoring on Leachs forktail Oceanadroma furcata and on forktailed storm petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa; 2 evaluate the feasibility of monitoring glaucous winged gulls Larus glaucescens, tufted puffins Lunda cirhatta, murres Uria species, and rhinoceros auklets Cerorhinca monocerrata; and 3 document man made disturbances on St. Lazaria.

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This is a report on the archeological investigation on the YukonKuskokwim Delta. This report specifically examines the native peoples cultural heritage. The purpose of this report is to determine what were, and are the relationships people had with this land and to aid preserving the local cultural heritage.

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Goose nesting success on the YK Delta in 1986 increased over 1984 and 1985. Environmental conditions were close to average in spite of a cool and prolonged spring. Predation by arctic fox continued to be a major source of nest loss in a large portion of the delta. Although glaucous gulls, parasitic jaegers, and mink also contribute to nest loss, the large reduction in nest predation at Tutakoke and Kigigak where foxes were trapped supports the potential benefits of local reduction in Arctic fox populations.

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Notes on 56 species of birds and five species of mammals observed during fox eradication efforts and unsuccessful search for returning Aleutian Canada geese.