Summary

Description

Busek Co. Inc. proposes to develop a high power (high thrust) electric propulsion system featuring an iodine fueled Hall Effect Thruster (HET). The system to be developed will include a thruster, hollow cathode, and condensable propellant feed system. The nominal power level of the thruster developed in this program will be 20 to 50 kW. The thruster can be clustered to support ~200 kW class missions to the moon, Mars, and beyond. In a future program, the technology can be scaled to ~100 kW per thruster to support MW-class missions. The available specific impulse can be throttled between 1500s to will be as high as 3000 to 4000 s. The use of iodine propellant enables significant mass and cost savings for lunar and Mars cargo missions, including Earth escape and near-Earth space maneuvers. High purity iodine is readily available commercially in large quantities at a fraction of the cost of xenon. Iodine stores at a density that is 3 times greater than xenon and at less than one thousandth of the pressure. Thus, iodine may be stored in low volume, low mass, low cost propellant tanks instead of the relatively large, high pressure, high cost COPV tanks required for xenon Hall thruster systems. Busek has already demonstrated a low power (several hundred watts) iodine thruster system based upon its flight qualified BHT-200 thruster. At most points, the efficiency are the same or nearly the same given experimental uncertainty. However, iodine may have a significant performance advantage at high power: Iodine yielded significantly higher specific impulse and thrust to power at higher input power. This effect will be investigated with the proposed high power system.

Summary

Description

CFD Validation of Synthetic Jets and Turbulent Separation Control. This web page provides data from experiments that may be useful for the validation of turbulence models. This resource is expected to grow gradually over time. All data herein arepublicly available.

Summary

Description

This annual narrative report for Ouray National Wildife Refuge outlines Refuge accomplishments during the 2004 calendar year. The report begins with a summary of the years highlights and weather conditions. Land acquisition is covered. The report includes a planning section which discusses the master plan, compliance with environmental and cultural resource mandates, and research and investigations. Refuge administration is outlined; information about personnel, youth programs, manpower programs, volunteer programs, funding, and safety is given. Habitat management is also covered; subjects include wetlands, forests, croplands, grasslands, fire management, pest control, and water rights. The wildlife section of the report discusses wildlife diversity, endangered and threatened species, waterfowl, marsh birds and waterbirds, shorebirds, raptors, game mammals, wildlife propagation, scientific collections, animal control, marking and banding, and disease control. The public uses of the Refuge described in this report include outdoor classrooms, interpretive programs, hunting, fishing, wildlife observation, outdoor recreation, and law enforcement. The equipment and facilities section of the report provides information about new construction, rehabilitation, major maintenance, equipment replacement, communication systems, and computer systems. Items of interest are provided at the end.

Summary

Description

This publication contains hourly precipitation amounts obtained from recording rain gages located at National Weather Service, Federal Aviation Administration, and cooperative observer stations. Published data are displayed in inches to tenths or inches to hundredths at local standard time. HPD includes maximum precipitation for nine (9) time periods from 15 minutes to 24 hours, for selected stations. Hourly Precipitation Data publication period of record begins October 1951.

Summary

Description

The Facility Registry System (FRS) identifies facilities, sites, or places subject to environmental regulation or of environmental interest to EPA programs or delegated states. Using vigorous verification and data management procedures, FRS integrates facility data from program national systems, state master facility records, tribal partners, and other federal agencies and provides the Agency with a centrally managed, single source of comprehensive and authoritative information on facilities.

Summary

Description

This report details the harvest, health, and welfare study of the Pacific walrus Odobenus rosmarus divergens as undertaken at Savoonga, Alaska, on St. Lawrence Island, for the spring of 1982. During the period of 16 April to 10 June, a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service USFWS technician was present in the village to determine the size, age and sex composition of the harvest, and to monitor the health of the walrus population through the collection of biological samples. This was the third year that USFWS personnel were stationed in the major walrushunting villages to monitor the harvest. The samples purchased included pairs of lower canine teeth for use in aging, female reproductive tracts as an index to the productivity of the herd, and stomachs to determine prey and prey size. In addition, the technician recorded weather and ice conditions as applicable to the hunt. The study was conducted in cooperation with the Eskimo Walrus Commission EWC. Methods and results are discussed, as well as recommendations. Data forms are attached.

Summary

Description

This dataset is a polygon coverage of counties limited to the extent of the Pocahontas No. 3 coal bed resource areas and attributed with statistics on the thickness of the Pocahontas No. 3 coal bed, its elevation, and overburden thickness, in feet. The file has been generalized from detailed geologic coverages found elsewhere in Professional Paper 1625-C.

Summary

Description

This map layer includes Global Map data showing waterbodies and wetlands of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The data are a modified version of the National Atlas of the United States 1:1,000,000-Scale Waterbodies and Wetlands of the United States; that data set was created primarily from the Medium-Resolution and High-Resolution National Hydrography Dataset NHDWaterbody feature classes, through feature selection and cartographic generalization based on reference to published small-scale ancillary data sets.

Summary

Description

Traditional radiation hardened by process (RHBP) and radiation hardened by design (RHBD) techniques have seen success in mitigating the effects of radiation induced corruption, but are often cumbersome, slow and expensive. Current RHBP hardening techniques include foundry processing methods which take place at the manufacturing level such as the use of radiation resistant device packaging, radiation doping, and one-time programmable architectures. To date, RHBP approaches are often unavailable, prohibitively expensive, or too far behind the state of the art for many designers, forcing them to investigate RHBD techniques. RHBD design methods attempt to mitigate the effects of radiation by integrating principles of redundancy, error correction, and self-testing at multiple levels of the design, including the physical layout of a system function, the programming of the device, and the software running on the device. Traditional RHBD methods are often flawed when implemented on modern FPGA devices due to unique device architectures and supporting vendor CAD tools. Luna Innovations Incorporated proposes to develop susceptibility metrics and innovative RHBD methods to minimize the vulnerabilities of reprogrammable FPGAs in radiation prone environments. Luna will combine these developments into Luna PAR, a software program that optimizes designs for radiation hardening.

Summary

Description

We assessed the reproductive success of the California clapper rail Rallus longirostris obsoletus, an endangered species restricted to San Francisco Bay, and the relative importance of predation, flooding and contaminants as factors affecting that success. Our study was conducted in six tidal marshes in both the north and south reaches of San Francisco Bay. This assessment, conducted over a period of 4 years 1991, 1992, 1998, 1999, determined that fecundity of clapper rails was much reduced over the natural potential. Only 69 percent of clapper rail eggs whose viability could be assessed were viable. Rail egg hatchability in north and south bay marshes was 65 percent and 70 percent respectively. Only 45 percent of the nests successfully hatched at least one egg. Despite mean clutch sizes of 6.66 and 6.94 in the north and south bays respectively, clapper rails produced only 1.9 and 2.45 young per nesting attempt. Flooding was a minor factor in reducing fecundity, accounting for only 2.3 percent of eggs lost. Predation was a major factor in reducing nest success and accounted for onethird of the eggs lost. Failed clapper rail eggs were collected for embryo examination and chemical analysis of trace elements and organochlorines. Contamination appeared to exert an adverse influence over clapper rail reproductive success as evidenced by observations of deformities, embryo hemorrhaging, embryo malpositions, a depressed rate of hatchability, the exceedance of avian embryotoxic threshold concentrations for mercury, barium and chromium in some eggs, and the correlation of deformities with elevated concentrations of trace elements in failtohatch rail eggs. While all marshes had impaired hatchability, the marshes with the lowest rate of hatchability were those adjacent to potential contaminant sources. Mercury was the only significant contaminant common to all marshes. Mercury concentrations exceeded the LOAEC of 0.5 ugg on a fresh wet weight basis in at least some failed eggs in every marsh sampled. Mercury concentrations in failed clapper rail eggs in the south and north bays were 0.54 ugg and 0.36 ugg, respectively, and ranged from 0.17 to 2.52 ugg in the south and from 0.11 to 0.87 ugg in the north bay.

Summary

Description

NNDSS - Table II. Chlamydia to Coccidioidomycosis - 2015. In this Table, all conditions with a 5-year average annual national total of more than or equals 1,000 cases but less than or equals 10,000 cases will be displayed (≥ 1,000 and ≤ 10,000). The Table includes total number of cases reported in the United States, by region and by states, in accordance with the current method of displaying MMWR data. Data on United States exclude counts from US territories. Note: These are provisional cases of selected national notifiable diseases, from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS). NNDSS data reported by the 50 states, New York City, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. territories are collated and published weekly as numbered tables printed in the back of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). Cases reported by state health departments to CDC for weekly publication are provisional because of ongoing revision of information and delayed reporting. Case counts in this table are presented as they were published in the MMWR issues. Therefore, numbers listed in later MMWR weeks may reflect changes made to these counts as additional information becomes available. Footnotes: C.N.M.I.: Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands. U: Unavailable. -: No reported cases. N: Not reportable. NN: Not Nationally Notifiable. NP: Nationally notifiable but not published. Cum: Cumulative year-to-date counts. Med: Median. Max: Maximum. * Three low incidence conditions, rubella, rubella congenital, and tetanus, have been moved to Table 2 to facilitate case count verification with reporting jurisdictions. † Case counts for reporting years 2014 and 2015 are provisional and subject to change. For further information on interpretation of these data, see http://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/document/ProvisionalNationaNotifiableDiseasesS.... Data for TB are displayed in Table IV, which appears quarterly.

Summary

Description

This report summarizes the Waterfowl Breeding Population and Habitat Survey for northern Alberta, northeastern British Columbia, and the Northwest Territories during 1999. The primary purpose of the survey is to provide information on spring population size and trajectory for certain North American duck species. Survey methods, habitat and weather conditions, breeding population indices, and tables of population estimates are provided.

Summary

Description

Traditional photovoltaics are limited in two major ways: by the availability of light and the wavelengths that can be absorbed. Nighttime, seasons, and latitude limit the amount of radiation to absorb, and the available bandgap of materials for photovoltaic cells limits absorption to ?shortwave? radiation (near-IR wavelengths and shorter). However, the Earth absorbs incident sunlight and re-emits the energy as ?longwave? blackbody radiation, peaking in the 10 ?m wavelength range, known as ?earthglow? (as opposed to ?earthshine?, the visible light directly reflected by the Earth). Earthglow continues during nighttime, varying only about 25% during a 24-hour period. It is difficult to harvest with traditional photovoltaics, but not alternative radiant energy harvesting methods. An approach employing plasmonically-active nano-antennas offers a potential solution due to the tuneability of the resonant wavelength via antenna geometry. The ultimate goal of this project is to produce nano-antennas able to rectify infrared optical energy (terahertz frequencies), such as earthglow, into DC electrical current. The concept of nano-antennas has been around for many years, but due to fabrication difficulties, researchers have only recently begun to actually demonstrate them in the lab. Theoretically, single-junction photovoltaics have a light-to-electricity conversion efficiency limit of around 30%. Nano-antennas have a theoretical capture efficiency (incident light absorbed) of up to 95%, with lab demonstrations reaching 80%. The challenge facing researchers is converting this potential abundance of captured light efficiently into electricity, but nano-antennas promise a greater upper limit to energy production than present technology. Work on the energy harvesting project places NASA on the cutting edge of nano-antenna development. The design begins with an insulating substrate that is covered by a bottom electrode of metal film.

Summary

Description

The Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) program publishes a quarterly count of employment and wages reported by employers covering 98 percent of U.S. jobs, available at the county, MSA, state and national levels by industry. More information and details about the data provided can be found at http://www.bls.gov/cew

Summary

Description

Strategy A of DHMH's goals on tobacco use is to reduce tobacco use prevalence among Maryland adults by providing free cessation services to residents through the Maryland Tobacco Quitline. The primary goals of DHMH for tobacco use are to reduce the prevalence of tobacco use in adults and youth; increase cessation efforts among adults, especially in high-risk populations; reduce initiation of and youth access to tobacco products, and address disparities in tobacco use. The Maryland Tobacco Quitline directly supports those goals. These data are provided each month by DHMH to StateStat and DoIT.

Summary

Description

This annual narrative report for Nebraska Waterfowl Production Area outlines Refuge accomplishments during the 1967 calendar year. The report begins by summarizing the weather conditions, habitat conditions, water conditions, and food and cover conditions during the year. Wildlife including migratory birds, upland game birds, big game animals, furbearers, predators, rodents, and mammals is also covered. The Refuge development and maintenance section discusses physical developments, plantings, collections and receipts, and vegetation control. Resource management is outlined; topics include grazing and fur harvesting. The public relations section of the report describes recreational uses, hunting, violations, and safety. Items of interest, NR forms, and photographs are attached.

Summary

Description

rogram Capabilities WEAC performs analyses in support of the Medical Device Program Area and radionuclide chemical as well as microbiological analyses for the Food Program Area. Specialized Capabilities Radionuclides in Foods: WEAC protects the public with a robust radiation analytical capability for food defense, response and recovery and monitors the nation's food supply for radioactive contamination.WEAC is wholly responsible for radionuclide analyses for imported food, drug, and devices from Japan and supports other Federal partners including DOD and the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB). Lead lab for the Food Emergency Response Network (RAD) collaborating with 5 state CAP labs with associated $2M funding from USDA/FSIS and host to CFSAN storeroom for Radionuclide supplies. Operational responsibility for field personnel protection - dosimetry and radiation pager program. Microbiology: WEAC supports CDRH with device sterility, evaluation of bacteria of medical importance, determines the presence of endotoxins, evaluates liquid chemical sterilants and high-level disinfectants, and determines the effectiveness of preservative systems in eye care products. Conducts original analytical methods development and research with MIT in nanotechnology and Harvard Medical School on prevention of foodborne outbreaks. Engineering: WEAC has a robust engineer analytical capability for medical device safety as well as radiation emitting electronic (non-medical) product safety. Supports DOJ and OCI criminal cases with analysis and expert testimony at trial. Conducts original analytical methods development and research with MIT and the Harvard-MIT Health Science and Technology Program. Conducts ORA's Foreign Inspections for laser and microwave firms.

Summary

Description

Hydrology data includes spatial datasets and data tables necessary for documenting the hydrologic procedures for estimating flood discharges for the flood insurance study. (Source: FEMA Guidelines and Specs, Draft Appendix M)

Summary

Description

R&D Database provides Vehicle Crash Test data, Biomechanics Test Data, and Component Test Data to support NHTSA's motor vehicle and traffic safety goals.

Summary

Description

Terrain data, as defined in FEMA Guidelines and Specifications, Appendix N: Data Capture Standards, describes the digital topographic data that was used to create the elevation data representing the terrain environment of a watershed and/or floodplain. Terrain data requirements allow for flexibility in the types of information provided as sources used to produce final terrain deliverables. Once this type of data is provided, FEMA will be able to account for the origins of the flood study elevation data. (Source: FEMA Guidelines and Specifications, Appendix N, Section N.1.2). NAD83 State Plane Kentucky Single Zone FIPS 1600 is the projection and coordinate system for this project.

Summary

Description

The proposed innovation is an aircraft flight envelope monitoring system that will provide real-time in-cockpit estimations of aircraft flight envelope boundaries. The adaptable system will provide information on current and predicted aircraft performance and controllability, alerting the pilot to any aerodynamic degradation of the aircraft control surfaces. This includes heavy rain, in-flight icing encounters, environmental contamination of surfaces, and structural damage such as bird strikes or battle damage. The real-time monitoring system measures the unsteady control surface hinge moment from all aircraft aerodynamic controls. Control surface hinge moments are sensitive to the aerodynamics of the section, including separation. These data are processed and information on the current and predicted future state of aircraft performance and control (including asymmetric cases) is made available to the pilot or flight management system. Phase I results have shown that the hinge moment sensor concept is a viable technology for the monitoring and prediction of airfoil stall. The hinge moment monitoring system was able to provide reliable stall warning and prediction across an incredibly wide range of simulated aerodynamic hazards. The proposed aircraft flight envelope monitoring system is an integral part of an overall integrated vehicle health management system.

Summary

Description

The USGS/WHOI Continental Margin (CONMAR) Data set was compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution as a joint program of study of the Atlantic continental margin of the U.S. The CONMAR set contains information for 3,715 cores, dredges, and grab samples, and consists of 18 files of grain size analyses/statistical parameters, composition of clay, sand, gravel and carbonate fractions, organic contents, heavy mineral and x-ray analyses, radioactivity counts, and major chemical and trace-element analyses. An accompanying technical report contains a complete description of methodology and file organization: Hathaway, John C., 1971, Data File, Continental Margin Program, Atlantic Coast of the United States: WHOI Reference No. 71-15. Updated data files were received in digital form in 1977. Data collection was partially funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under the CONMAR program and the International Decade of Ocean Exploration. These data were also included as ASCII files on the NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals CDROM data set released by NGDC in 1992. The U.S. Geological Survey has incorporated these data into an updated data set available from their web site, and the original technical report is available from WHOI.

Summary

Description

This joint STTR research effort between HJ Science & Technology and the University of Texas at San Antonio seeks to establish a highly integrated mobile "lab-on-a-chip" platform – next generation "lab-on-a-robot" (LOAR) - capable of in-situ, high throughput, and simultaneous identification and characterization of universal classes of ions, molecules, and biomolecules for NASA in-situ planetary compositional analysis, and planetary and small body surface chemistry studies. The technology combines programmable microfluidic on-chip automation of sample processing, microchip capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity and optical detections, and integration with the next generation LOAR mobile platform in a miniaturized format. Such a mobile platform for the miniaturized instrument will lay the groundwork for future NASA in situ robotic missions. In Phase I, we have established the technical feasibility by demonstrating all key functionalities. This includes the separation and detection of selective ions that are relevant to the aqueous chemistry and reactivity of the Martian surface material with a novel microfab-less microfluidic device and the demonstration of the on-chip automated sample processing capability with a novel microvalve platform. The Phase II effort will include expanding and enhancing the performance capability of the novel microfab-less microfluidic device, integrating the on-chip automation technology to the microfluidic device and demonstrate the capability of the programmable on-chip automation of sample processing, and the design, construction, and test of a next generation LOAR prototype.

Summary

Description

The Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM) Database depicts flood risk information and supporting data used to develop the risk data. The primary risk classifications used are the 1-percent-annual-chance flood event, the 0.2-percent-annual- chance flood event, and areas of minimal flood risk. The DFIRM Database is derived from Flood Insurance Studies (FISs), previously published Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs), flood hazard analyses performed in support of the FISs and FIRMs, and new mapping data, where available. The FISs and FIRMs are published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). In addition to the preceding, required text, the Abstract should also describe the projection and coordinate system as well as a general statement about horizontal accuracy.

Summary

Description

This map was produced by the Division of Realty to depict landownership at Rocky Mountain Front. It was generated from rectified aerial photography, cadastral surveys and recorded documents.