Shrnutí

Popis

LTQ OrbiTrap-XL +ETD - This instrument excels at high-throughput proteomic, lipidomic and metabolomic analysis. Up front, state-of-the-art chromatographic sample separation is performed on an Eksigent nanoLC-Ultra2D splitless low-flow UPLC that allows for the use of ultra high pressures across capillary columns packed with micro particles (1.5-1.7um). Two 10-port valves can be plumbed for multiple 2-dimensional chromatographic separation strategies. Bridging the chromatography and the mass spectrometer is a sensitive nano-electrospray source (10um ID tip). The instrument itself can be thought of as three mass spectrometers working in concert. The linear ion trap (LTQ) ushers packets of ions into the orbitrap and performs collision induced dissociation (CID) on a near infinite series of ion fragments (MSn) besides serving as a high speed mass analyzer when needed. Using flouranthene free-radical-ions generated in the backend GC-MS, the LTQ can also perform electron transfer dissociation (ETD) which can be used to 1) fragment larger, higher charge state ions and 2) to gently fragment peptides with post-translational modifications (PTMs) in order to determine exact PTM location. The orbitrap is the first fundamentally new mass analyzer in 30 years and yields near FTICR mass accuracy (0.5-2 ppm) and resolution but without the need for a superconducting magnet. Within a fairly broad range, its mass accuracy is sufficient to identify an analyte's atomic composition from its precursor mass alone. A high collision cell near the orbitrap gives the instrument a total of three different strategies for fragmenting ions to ensure confident identification. Altogether, (with less than 1% error in peptide identifications) over 2300 proteins from a HEK293 cell lysate can be identified in 2.5 hours of analysis- nearly 1000 proteins/hour. 9.4 Tesla FTICR /MS (Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer) - This instrument, which was installed in 2010, is the new champion in the Intermountain West. It has twice the mass resolving power, twice the quadrupolar axialization efficiency, twice the data acquisition speed, and twice the upper mass limit of the 4.7 Tesla instrument. It also has 4 times better maximum ion kinetic energy, ion trapping capacity, ion trapping duration, and signal-to-noise. This mass spectrometer is equipped with two data acquistion systems, a "stock" console from the manufacturer, Bruker Daltonics, and a custom-built, state-of-the-art system designed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Florida State University. It is used for research and teaching purposes within the department. The primary research applications on this instrument involve characterization of supramolecular structures as described above for the 4.7 Tesla system, but the experiments can be done more quickly and more accurately with this instrument's larger superconducting magnet. The 9.4 Tesla instrument is particularly valuable for applications that require ultra-high mass resolving power, such as the complex mixtures of compounds typical of biological samples. Resolving powers in excess of one million are routinely achieved, along with mass measuring accuracy of better than one part per million; at this level of accuracy, simply measuring the mass is often sufficient to determine molecular formulas. BYU undergraduate students have access to this state-of-the-art instrument in physical chemistry and instrumental analysis lab courses, while graduate students use it to further their research projects.

Shrnutí

Popis

The FASCAL has been in continuous operations since 1970s for the calibrations of spectral radiance of sources. The measurements are performed by the use of a prism-grating double monochromator whose spectral radiance responsivity is determined using a variable-temperature blackbody. The temperature of this blackbody is determined using the gold-point blackbody and spectral radiance sources are calibrated using the knowledge of the temperature of the blackbody and the Planck radiation law. The area of the calibration source for the measurement is limited to a rectangular area of 0.6 mm by 0.8 mm. Specifications / Capabilities: Prism-grating double monochromator with photomultiplier tube, Si diode and extended-InGaAs diode detectors are used to cover a range of wavelengths from 220 nm to 2500nm. A variable-temperature blackbody with emissivity of > 0.999 with an 2 mm diameter opening is used as the calibration source. Tungsten-ribbon filament lamps and integrating sphere sources are calibrated. Dry-air purge of the integrating sphere sources are possible to remove the effects of moisture in the path of the radiation in the integrating sphere sources.

Shrnutí

Popis

Description: The fire emulator/detector evaluator (FE/DE) is a computer-controlled flow tunnel used to re-create the environments surrounding detectors in the early stages of fire and background environments that give rise to false alarms. The flow velocity, temperature, humidity, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbon gas concentration, and smoke or nuisance aerosol concentration are controlled to emulate burgeoning fire conditions or nuisance sources. The input controls may be obtained from full-scale fire experiments, computer fire models, or heuristic formulations. Specifications / Capabilities: The FE/DE can provide control of the flow velocity over a range from 2 cm/s to over 1.5 m/s. Temperature change is achieved by feedback controlled electrical heating elements with maximum temperatures exceeding 80 oC depending on the flow velocity. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbon gas concentrations are independently controlled via electronic mass flow controllers. Black smoke is generated by a propane diffusion flame burner with smoke concentration controlled by fuel flow and the damper control from the burner to the FE/DE duct. Smokes from cotton smolder and wood pyrolysis represent smolder smoke sources. Nuisance sources include cooking activities, tobacco smoke, humidity and condensing water vapor, and dusts. Routine measurements at the detector location include light extinction, temperature, flow velocity, combustion gas concentrations, and water concentration. Detailed measurements of the aerosol number and mass concentration, and size distribution measurements are possible along with detailed 2-D velocity measurements around detector housings with a 2 component LDV. Scientific Opportunities / Applications: The FE/DE is being used in ongoing research concerning low air speed smoke entrance effects in detectors, test and evaluation methodologies for multi-sensor fire detection, modeling of detector output to support real-time computing of building fire environments, development of algorithms for multi-sensor, multi-function detectors, and emulation of aircraft cargo compartment fire conditions to evaluate current and improved detector designs.

Shrnutí

Popis

Description: CORAL Names: SiN LPCVD, Poly LPCVD, LTO LPCVD This three stack furnace system is utilized to deposit silicon nitride, polysilicon, and low temperature oxide (LTO) Specifications / Capabilities: 3", 4", and 6" wafers No photoresist or plastic substrates Scientific Opportunities / Applications: Tube 1 (T1), open for future upgrade Silicon Nitride Deposition (Tube 2) Low Stress recipie Stoiciometric recipie Waveguides, passivation layer, masking layer, dielectric applications Low stress nitride for membrane fabrication Polysilicon Deposition (Tube 3) Silicon gate devices Use as conductors LTO-Low Temperature Oxidation (Tube 4) Inter level metal isolation Low temperature process < 450 °C

Shrnutí

Popis

Description: The FTA32 goniometer provides video-based contact angle and surface tension measurement. Contact angles are measured by fitting a mathematical expression to the shape of a drop and then calculating the slope of the tangent to the drop at the liquid-solid-vapor (LSV) interface line. Computer software drop shape analysis gives contact angle without operator intervention or judgement. Scientific Opportunities / Applications: Contact angle measurement Surface tension calculation Liquid drop shape analysis

Shrnutí

Popis

In order to accurately predict the annual energy production of photovoltaic systems for any given geographical location, building orientation, and photovoltaic cell technology, models are needed that can accurately predict the response of photovoltaic systems for a wide range of environmental conditions. The Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL) recently commissioned a Roof Photovoltaic Test Facility to provide the data needed to develop, improve, and validate the needed simulation models. Specifications / Capabilities: The facility is configured to accommodate six residential (sloped roof) and three commercial (flat roof) photovoltaic roofing products. The majority of the currently installed products are referred to as building integrated photovoltaics, as they provide both protection against the elements and produce electrical power. The electrical output of each photovoltaic product is measured every 5 seconds, with average values for these quantities being saved at five minute intervals. The characteristic current versus voltage (IV) curve is periodically swept throughout the day for each test specimen. In addition to the electrical performance of the photovoltaic roofing samples, measurements are made of the coincident ambient temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation incident upon the samples. In addition measurements of diffuse and beam solar irradiance are made by an adjacent meteorological station. The nine PV roofing products being monitored fall within three general categories of photovoltaic cell technology - single crystalline, poly crystalline, and amorphous silicon - while embodying different manufacturing processes, materials, and design features. The combination of features makes each of the nine roofing products unique and well suited to capture the robustness of simulation models used to predict their electrical performance.

Shrnutí

Popis

NERVE explores cognitive and neural processing associated with Soldier display design, performance under stress, and operations in complex environments to advance neuroscience research. The facility comprises hardware and software engineering, development, and fabrication areas; a staging area; and a reconfigurable driving course. NERVE maintains three experimental High Mobility Multi-purpose Wheeled Vehicles (HMMWV's) that can be configured to provide test bed platforms for the study of novel interface concepts during mounted operations on paved, unpaved, and off-road driving surfaces. Although NERVE is used primarily to support the transition of MIND laboratory research efforts to more operational environments, the facility supports research efforts across ARL.

Shrnutí

Popis

The FUV Calibration Facility is used for detector-based radiometry and other measurements of optical properties in the far ultraviolet (FUV) from 50 nm to 254 nm wavelength (5 eV to 25 eV photon energy). The light source is a duoplasmatron - a hot-filament discharge confined in a magnetic field - which provides the characteristic emission spectrum of the neutral and singly ionized species of the source gas. The FUV Calibration Facility source can operate on H 2, He, Ne, Ar, or Kr. The H 2 discharge gives a rich spectrum of molecular lines and molecular continuum radiation in additional to the atomic emission. The radiation is monochromatised by a 1-m focal length, spherical-grating monochromator and the exit beam is passed into the experimental chamber. Various experiment stations can be mounted at the output of the monochromator to enable different measurements. One station allows the interchange of two detectors in the beam to calibrate one against the other. A second allows the calibration of a detector against a double-plate ionization chamber. A third limits the size of the beam to allow uniformity scanning of a detector. Specifications / Capabilities: Wavelength Range: 50nm to 254nm Optical Power: (varies with wavelength) Measurement Capabilities: detector responsivity filter transmission uniformity of responsivity

Shrnutí

Popis

The Advanced Simulation Center consists of 10 individual facilities which provide missile and submunition hardware-in-the-loop simulation capabilities. The following types of guidance signals are included in the range of capabilities: microwave radar, millimeter wave radar, imaging and non-imaging infrared, visible, laser, combinations of radar and infrared signals, and inertial motion. Target signatures and backgrounds scenarios are radiated from special purpose signal generators and received and processed by the missile sensors to give real guidance signals for use in trajectory simulations.

Shrnutí

Popis

The JEOL JXA-8600 is a conventional hairpin filament thermal emission electron microprobe that is more than 20 years old. It is capable of performing qualitative and quantitative X-ray microanalysis and secondary, backscattered, and topographic electron imaging on a wide variety of samples. It operates at currents ranging from 0.1 nA to greater than 2 mA) at accelerating potentials from 0.5 to 50 kV. The 8600 has a conventional energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) detector with resolution of 137 eV (Mn Kα). The probe also has 5 wavelength dispersive spectrometers (WDS) for high resolution (~ 10 eV) qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements from beryllium to uranium (Z = 5 – 92).  Three of the spectrometers have two crystals and two have four crystals. The 6500 is primarily used for surface compositional analysis to a maximum depth of about 4 mm in materials such as metals, alloys, composites, thin films, ceramics, semiconductors, glasses, and minerals. With Probe for Windows software, the instrument can be set up for automated analysis, making it possible to analyze dozens of samples overnight or over the weekend without operator intervention. With the WDS detectors it can be invaluable in the determination of microheterogeneity of materials, especially for those being evaluated as reference standards for microanalysis. EPMA is a highly precise, efficient method for determining the composition of a surface. Samples are often mounted in 2.54 cm (1 in) circular epoxy mounts although larger specimens can be accommodated. Bulk samples must be polished and flat for high quality quantification, and may have a 7 nm layer of carbon deposited onto the surface to improve specimen conductivity since insulating samples cannot be analyzed without a conductive coating. Many samples, particularly those with low atomic numbers may deteriorate under the electron beam, so careful dosing strategies must be employed for biological and insulating materials. Specifications / Capabilities: Qualitative and quantitative surface composition of elements from boron to uranium Limits of detection between 10 and 100 ppm for most elements Ultra fast EDS detector for producing X-ray images and x-ray maps of heterogeneous materials Imaging and X-ray analysis possible with accelerating potentials between 1 kV and 30 kV High resolution SE and BSE detectors for nano-scale imaging Scientific Opportunities / Applications: Compositional analysis of glasses, ceramics, thick and thin films, minerals, alloys, etc. High resolution imaging and compositional analysis of particles Analysis of cement and concrete samples Particle searching and identification for dust, ash and contaminated surfaces General surface chemistry and compositional analysis. Microheterogeneity testing

Shrnutí

Popis

Description: CORAL Name: Laser Writer High resolution pattern generator for low volume mask making and direct writing. Specifications / Capabilities: 1x1 to 6x6 inch square masks 50 to 200mm wafer diameter Structures down to 0.6μm Address grid down to 25nm Top and back-side alignment Auto-focus write heads Accepts DXF, GDS-II, CIF, Gerber, STL formats Scientific Opportunities / Applications: Micron- and sub-micron lithography Patterning photomask blanks as well as direct patterning of substrates up to 150 mm in diameter

Shrnutí

Popis

The LEAP 4000X is a three-dimensional atom probe microscope which provides nano-scale surface, bulk and interfacial materials analysis of structures with atom-by-atom identification and spatial positioning. The technique is based upon the principle of field evaporation, where a strong electric field is sufficient to cause the removal of atoms by ionization from a very sharp tip. Repetition of a pulsed voltage or laser progressively removes atoms from the apex of the specimen one-by-one. The atoms leaving the specimen surface are detected by a position-sensitive imaging mass spectrometer and recorded. The time-series data-set collected is reconstructed into an atomic scale 3-dimensional model or tomograph of the specimen Specimens are typically in the form of micrometer long needle shaped object with a tip diameter less than about 200 nm and a radius of curvature of about 100 nm. Specimen preparation often includes electropolishing for metals or FIB milling for any solid bulk specimen. Scientific Opportunities / Applications: Interface characterization 3D elemental distributions Compositional analysis Precipitate characterization Grain and phase boundary analysis Cluster and nucleation distributions 3D device characterization

Shrnutí

Popis

NIST's PV characterization laboratory is used to measure the electrical performance and opto-electronic properties of solar cells and modules. This facility consists of a monochromator-based dual light source system, an LED-coupled integrating sphere source, a tabletop solar simulator with concentrator optics, a spectroradiometer calibration facility, an RF-based photoconductivity decay tester for charge carrier lifetime studies, and a cell nonlinearity setup based on a flux addition technique. Specifications / Capabilities: The monochromator setup consisting of two light sources (xenon and quartz-tungsten-halogen), three gratings, a chopper and filters, a custom current preamplifier, two lock-in amplifiers, vacuum and temperature-stabilized stage and other electronics is capable of measuring the power-mode spectral responsivity and external quantum efficiency of any solar cell, including multi-junction solar cells in the spectral range of 300 nm - 1800 nm. The LED-coupled integrating sphere source is used for irradiance-mode spectral response measurements of solar cells and it consists of a 50.8 cm integrating sphere with a central baffle, a 12.7 cm rear port for incorporating an LED array plate, irradiance monitor ports, light bias ports and an exit port of 22.9 cm for large area illumination of solar cells. The light nonuniformity at the exit port plane of incidence is less than 2 %. The LEDs, ranging in wavelength from 375 nm to 1200 nm, are individually controlled by programmable current drivers and are driven in pulsed mode in a sequential way. The data are recorded by a lock-in amplifier. The results obtained from the integrating sphere measurements are combined with the monochromator based results to construct the irradiance-mode spectral response of solar cells. From this data, the short circuit current of solar cells under the standard reporting conditions are determined. The minority carrier lifetime apparatus is based on RF photoconductivity sensing of semiconducting wafers. The excitation light source is either a flashlamp or a series of monochromatic high-power LEDs that are controlled by custom power electronics to deliver unique excitation profiles to the device under test. From the measurements of irradiance and reflectance, the charge carrier generation rate is calculated and along with conductivity data is used to calculate the effective charge carrier lifetimes as a function of excitation wavelength and the excess carrier density. The spectroradiometer calibration station consists of an FEL lamp that is directly calibrated by NIST and is used to transfer the irradiance scale to the spectroradiometers that are used to measure the irradiance of various light sources including the solar simulator, indoor lighting applications (such as LEDs, Xe lamp etc) and for outdoor measurements. The irradiance measurements are also used for spectral mismatch error calculations. For current-voltage measurements indoors, a large-area flash solar simulator for cell and module testing and a smaller 15 cm single cell steady-state solar simulator are available. The light sources are xenon based and a spectral mismatch correction factor is applied to every measurement so that the results are corrected for standard reporting conditions.

Shrnutí

Popis

Program Capabilities PRL-NW is a multi functional Regional Laboratory. Domestic and import products are analyzed. Compliance, surveillance, and special assignment samples are tested, as well as testing on consumer complaint samples. Chemistry analytical capability includes testing for pesticides, mycotoxins, aflatoxins, drug (dissolution testing, NDA/ANDA pharmacopeia forum method validations and active pharmaceutical ingredients), chemotherapeutic agents (malachite green, quinolones, fluoroquinolones) in aqua cultured seafood, chloramphenicol, patulin, nitrates, and others as required. Microbiological analytical capability includes organoleptic/sensory (including National Sensory expertise), mycotoxins, food microbiology (both conventional and molecular techniques/PCR), micro analytical entomology/filth (including BSE prohibited materials), canned seam analysis, water activity, pH, water phase salt, and others as required.BSL2 Lab. A2LA accredited. Specialized Capabilities Applied Technology Center (ATC) conducts chemical and microbiological investigations and method development. ATC has DNA sequencing capacity and is testing technology for pathogen identification. ATC has many ongoing research initiatives for rapid molecular testing and detection of decomposition indicators in seafood. ATC has many notable National awards and publications in peer reviewed journals.

Shrnutí

Popis

The NCNR backscattering spectrometer is one of the highest intensity instruments of its kind. It enables very high energy resolution studies of the low frequency dynamics of many systems. Applications of backscattering spectroscopy are numerous and include molecular reorientations, dynamics of adsorbed systems, and viscous liquids. To learn about the instrument, and about experiments that have been performed on the HFBS, please use this link to visit our webpages. Specifications / Capabilities: At the center of the beam, the neutron fluence rate is 3 x 10 5 n cm -2 s -1 as determined by gold foil activation measurements. A high-speed Doppler-driven monochromator system allows energy transfers up to ±50 µeV (though this energy range is not advisable). The instrumental energy resolution is a Gaussian-like lineshape, with a full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) about 1 µeV.

Shrnutí

Popis

Description: The 1-meter guarded hot-plate apparatus measures thermal conductivity of building insulation. This facility provides for absolute measurement of thermal resistance of thick and low-density test specimens used as transfer standards. These standards are used to calibrate heat-flow-meter apparatus (ASTM C 518)or verify guarded-hot-plate apparatus (ASTM C177). This facility is the only one of its kind in the world that will permit low-density thick insulation to be measured with an expanded uncertainty of less 1%. [History of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus at NIST] Specifications / Capabilities: Laboratory services for thermal resistance measurements (and related thermal properties) are provided for thermal insulation (and building materials) having thermal conductivities of 0.02 W·m -¹·K-¹ to 0. 15 W·m-¹·K-¹. In general, the highest accuracy is obtained for homogeneous specimens.; The preferred size for the test specimen is 1016 mm in diameter; the minimum size, 610 mm square. Customers can supply their own material for specimens, or request NIST to select specimens from an in-house inventory of fibrous-glass material. All tests are performed at an ambient atmospheric pressure of approximately 100 ± 20 kPa (site pressure at Gaithersburg, MD). Services at ambient pressures outside these limits or with other gases are not provided. A dry-air purge is available to reduce the relative humidity to less than 15 percent.

Shrnutí

Popis

The Eagle III Micro XRF unit is similar to a traditional XRF unit, with the primary difference being that the X-rays are focused by a polycapillary optic into a spot nominally 50 µm in size. The small, focused spot allows users to do X-ray imaging and microanalysis of a wide variety of samples where surface composition is of interest. Unlike electron beam instruments, the XRF can produce X-ray images at atmospheric pressure, and can analyze entire specimens 10 cm x 10 cm in size. Equipped with an EDAX EDS system, the system has detection limits well below 100 ppm for most elements, and below 50 ppm for transition metals such as iron, copper and zinc. Elements lighter than aluminum (Al Kalpha = 1.487 keV) are heavily absorbed by the 25 µm thick beryllium window in front of the detector, so the analysis of light elements is not possible. The system uses a 50 W rhodium tube with a maximum accelerating voltage of 40 keV and a maximum current of 1 mA. X-ray imaging is traditionally done with count rates of 20,000 counts per second, and X-ray images are collected for anywhere between 5 hours and 5 days. Showing remarkable stability and high stage reproducibility, the Eagle III has proven exceptionally useful in pre-imaging large samples. This technique, known as "Road Mapping" allows the analyst to identify areas of interest in images produced by the Eagle III after scanning over the entire sample. Those areas of interest are then analyzed using a variety of other microanalytical techniques. An advantage of using the Eagle III for "Road Mapping" is that the X-ray beam does not damage the sample in any way, and samples can even be analyzed in protective bags. Specifications / Capabilities: 50 W rhodium tube with maximum operating potential of 40 keV, 1 mA Polychromatic 50 µm spot Maximum analysis area of 10 cm x 10 cm EDAX 30 mm2 Si(Li) detector. Resolution at 20,000 cps is ~170 eV (Mn Kalpha) Analysis of elements from Al to Pu (Z = 13 - 94) Analysis at ambient pressure and through bags or other protective media Scientific Opportunities / Applications: Analysis of cement and concrete samples Imaging photographs, documents, paintings and other works of art Compositional analysis of glasses, ceramics, thin films and wafers Qualitative analysis of liquids, powders and particles Particle searching and identification for dust, ash and contaminated surfaces Analysis of biological specimens such as leaves, grasses and roots General surface chemistry and compositional analysis.

Shrnutí

Popis

Description: The Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility (NZERTF) is a unique laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), in Gaithersburg, Md. This facility, operated by the Energy and Environment Division in NIST's Engineering Laboratory, will allow researchers to test various high-efficiency and alternative energy systems, materials, and designs. During the first year of operation, NIST researchers will simulate a family of four living in an energy efficient home and monitor how the house performs. The goal is to demonstrate that a net-zero energy house-one that produces as much energy as it consumes over the course of a year-can fit into any neighborhood. Following the year-long experiment, the facility will be used to test existing and new energy efficient technologies and develop methods of test that better reflect how those technologies will perform in a real home, rather than a laboratory.

Shrnutí

Popis

The Rotorcraft Hover Test Facility (RHTF) at the NASA Langley Research Center is an ARL-specific facility dedicated to the preliminary testing of helicopter rotor systems and tilt-rotor configurations. The facility acquires some publishable data, but its larger focus is to prepare model systems for entry into the Transonic Dynamics Tunnel (TDT), a wind-tunnel facility located adjacent to the RHTF.

Shrnutí

Popis

Description: CORAL Name: Critical Point Dryer This system utilizes CO 2to dry fragile suspended and floating structures Specifications / Capabilities: Wafer size up to 6" Scientific Opportunities / Applications: MEMS drying Membrane drying

Shrnutí

Popis

Description: CORAL Name: Dicing Saw Need Description Specifications / Capabilities: Pieces up to 8" wafers Approved training required Scientific Opportunities / Applications: Full wafer dicing Auto cutting and semi-auto cutting modes Used to dice silicon, sapphire, ceramic, metals, Pyrex, glass, epoxy substrates Maximum material thickness < 0.50 in Used for dicing photomasks, wafers, creating channels, troughs, gratings, ramps and sample preparation

Shrnutí

Popis

Description: CORAL Name: AFM 2 A tool used to study the material surface characteristics, check the surface patterns generated by nanofabrication. It can take samples up to 200mm in diameter and 12mm in thickness. Specifications / Capabilities: Tapping mode; Contact mode; Phase mode Magnetic force microscopy Scanning tunneling microscopy Stepper-motor controlled stage Top view optical microscopy of scanning area Scientific Opportunities / Applications: Surface characterization for thin films Pattern characterization for lithography structures, magnetic media, CD/DVDs Biomaterials, optics and other samples

Shrnutí

Popis

RTTC has an extensive suite of facilities for supporting MIL-STD-810 testing, to include: Temperature/Altitude, Rapid Decompression, Low/High Temperature, Temperature Shock, Humidity, Salt Fog, Blowing Rain, Freezing Rain/Ice, Submersion/Leak, Dust, Blowing Sand, Solar Radiation, Environmental Stress Screening. Capabilities for supporting climatic specification development and thermal modeling are also available.

Shrnutí

Popis

NIST's mobile solar tracking facility is used to characterize the electrical performance of photovoltaic panels. It incorporates meteorological instruments, a solar spectroradiometer, a data acquisition system, and a single-channel photovoltaic curve tracer. Precision spectral pyranometers are used to measure total (beam plus diffuse) solar radiation. Two instruments are used to provide redundant measurements. A pyrheliometer is used to measure the beam component of solar radiation. Long-wave radiation, greater than 3µ m, is measured using a precision infrared radiometer. A three-cup anemometer assembly is used to measure wind speed. The ambient temperature is measured using a perforated tip, Type-T thermocouple sensor enclosed in a naturally ventilated multi-plate radiation shield. The output signals of the meteorological instruments and thermocouples attached to the building integrated photovoltaic panels are measured using a data acquisition system. Spectral radiation data from 300 to 1100 nm is obtained using a spectroradiometer. The solar tracker's photovoltaic array tester measures and records the current and voltage (I-V) characteristics of the panels under evaluation. The array tester is capable of measuring panels or groups of panels with power outputs ranging from 10 watts to 36 kilowatts. Irradiance and temperature loads from a reference cell and thermocouple probe are recorded and used to normalize the data to user selected loads of irradiance and temperature. In addition to sweeping the panel I-V curve and storing the measured values, the curve tracer calculates the values of maximum output power, open circuit voltage, closed circuit current, and fill factor. The data acquisition system can accommodate up to 60 transducers. Specifications / Capabilities: The mobile solar tracking facility can be operated in the following tracking modes: Azimuth and Elevation Tracking Azimuth Tracking Elevation Tracking Azimuth Tracking with User Selected Offset Elevation Tracking with User Selected Offset Fixed Position Up to four photovoltaic modules can be mounted on the facility simultaneously. The facility can be operated over an azimuth range of ± 135° and over an elevation range from horizontal to vertical.

Shrnutí

Popis

Description: CORAL Names: Wet Deck CMOS Station 1, Wet Deck CMOS Station 2 This bench is used to etch and clean samples Specifications / Capabilities: 72" Open Wet Bench. Contains 2 dip tanks, two reflux quartz heated baths, glove rinse, DI and N2 spray guns, GFCI 120 VAC receptacle, and two safety eyewash stations. Capable of handling small samples up to a full cassette of 6" wafers. Tank 1: Dip tank with lid (Buffered Oxide Etch-BOE) Tank 2: Reflux heated bath (RCA Standard Clean 1-SC1) Tank 3: Dip Tank with lid (2% HF) Tank 4: Dump Rinse with lid Tank 5: Reflux heated bath (RCA Standard Clean 2-SC2) It is located in an ultra-clean CMOS-compatible area and is subject to strict restrictions to prevent cross contamination. Scientific Opportunities / Applications: This tool is used for the "RCA" cleaning of wafers to remove organic and metallic surface contaminants. BOE to etch silicon dioxides