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Methods, materials and results of 1984 first annual survey of waterfowl production in Yukon Flats NWR.

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Of the four proposed Log Transfer Facility sites investigated in Ushk Bay, development of Site 4 would have fewer conflicts with marine biological resources. However, if an adequate buffer cannot be maintained around the identified eagle nest tree, development would be unacceptable. Of the four proposed Log Transfer Facility sites investigated in Ushk Bay, development of Site 4 would have fewer conflicts with marine biological resources. However, if an adequate buffer cannot be maintained around the identified eagle nest tree, development would be unacceptable.

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The magnitude and extent of environmental impacts associated with Defense environmental Restoration Program activities at Gambell and Northeast Cape varies. The majority of potential adverse impacts are expected to occur at Gambell, while few impacts are expected for Northeast Capes fish and wildlife resources.

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This report summarizes the preliminary results of a study on the feeding habits and conditions of the reproductive tracts of fur seals. Collection methods are discussed, as are the results.

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In late summer 1986, diets of nestling tufted puffins were studied at 18 breeding colonies between Prince William Sound and Unimak Pass as part of a continuing investigation into the commercial fish food dependencies of puffins in the northern Gulf of Alaska and eastern Aleutian Islands. Juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma were found to be the main prey from the Sandman Reefs to Unimak Pass, but the species was a minor dietary component or absent from the diet east of there, where capelin and Pacific sand lance were the main prey. Two consecutive years 1985 and 1986 of data from the Semidi Islands show that pollock utilization dropped from 20 to 5 by weight, while that of sand lance increased from 50 to 80, thus underscoring the importance of continuing studies to learn annual variations in the diet.

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Preliminary review of the data reveals that all lakes surveyed can be classified as having low conductibility, ranging from the low 20s for the Goodnews Lakes to the high 80s for Heart Lake, an alpine landlocked lake. pH ranged from the mid 6s for the Goodnews Lakes to 8.0 for Heart Lake, but in general the waters can be described as neutral. Dissolved oxygen was at or near saturation levels for all waters. Still lakes showed some stratification with regard to temperature, but larger windblown lakes, Togiak, Kagati, Goodnews, etc., were well mixed. Temperatures on the wind mixed lakes varied less than 2 degrees C between the surface and meters. Secchi disk readings averaged 8 meters.

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Six major estuarine intertidal and subtidal wetland habitat types were identified within the inner basin of Klag Bay. These habitat types are mapped in Fig. 3. The area of each habitat type and the relative percentages of the total area typed are listed in Table 1. A depthdistance cross sectional profile showing the distribution of habitat types along Transect 2 is given in Figure 4.Although there was no attempt to catalog or make an exhaustive survey of all plant and animal species present in each habitat type, the species observed or collected during the surveys are listed in Table II. The general description, as excerpted from Cowardin et a1 1, of each habitat type and the site specific habitat characteristics observed in Klag Bay are described.

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18 nests, and evidence of three additional nests, were found during first Aleutian Canada goose nesting pair survey at Chagulak Island. 51 nonbreeding geese were also present. A single nesting pair was found at Amata Island.

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Proposed regulations, concessions, cabin site proposals, maintenance requirements, staffing requirements, cost recapitulation, and maps.

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Sandhill cranes have been recorded on Alaska waterfowl breeding population surveys since 1957. Aerial observations provide mean indexes of 2,200 cranes for sprucemuskeg habitat and 26,600 for tundra habitat, a total of 28,800 for Alaska. These indexes have been expanded with limited visibility correction factors for respective habitats yielding mean populations of 23,100 for sprucemuskeg and 98,400 for tundra, a total of 121,500 for Alaska. Significant positive correlations r .22, p .05 for indexes; r 2 .27: p .01 for visibility corrected indexes result when breeding population survey data is compared with Nebraska sandhill crane spring migration counts. The value of survey results could be increased with additional effort. The data show an increase in the Alaska sandhill crane breeding population 19571980, a 24 year period of consistent standard aerial waterfowl survey effort.

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The long and consistent records of escapement that have been obtained in Prince William Sound show clearly that there is a direct relation between the number of spawners and the subsequent return of adult pink salmon two years later. In this paper the relationship between the catch, escapement and return for the last seventeen years is presented. From these data are derived the most probable return for 1957 and the reliability of the prediction.

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One portion of this intensive program deals with the history of the run and the effect of the fishery, with greatest emphasis on Bristol Bay and Kodiak Island red salmon. This requires analysis of past catch, and escapement records and is described in another Plan of Operations. This Plan of Operations covers field work to be accomplished in certain Bristol Bay and Kodiak areas by the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries. The Fisheries Research Institute of the University of Washington under contract to the Bureau will conduct complementary field research in other Bristol Bay and Alaska Peninsula areas, namely the Wood River, the Kvichak, and the Chignik systems.

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Chugach National Forests habitat management program to create winter range for moose is compatible with nongame bird management. Areas burned for moose will provide habitat for a wide variety of birds that are unable to use mature forests, and they will provide diversity in forest age and type in the future. However, some species will be adversely affected by the burning program, so attention must be given to maintaining habitat for these species. Attention to maximizing the value of prescribed burn sites to birds will insure that the burns are useful to some species of woodpeckers that now occur only in low numbers on the Kenai.

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Recommendations for inclusion in the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System of the entire Ivishak River and its immediate environment, together with its tributary area Porcupine Lake; and recommendations for inclusion of the Killik River, Noatak River, Nowitna River, and Porcupine River. Recommendation for inclusion of the Sheenjek River unless it is added to the Arctic Extension and Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge. Recommendation against inclusion of the Nuyakuk River.

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Cannibalism of a female brown bear caught in a mechanical trap.

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Nearly three thousand angler days of effort was estimated to have been spent on the Togiak River in 1984. Effort was clearly dominated by the professional guiding operators 71 while the recreational private sector made up the balance 29. Fishermen caught eight species of fishes with Arctic char and coho salmon comprising the largest component of the catches. Most anglers fishing the Togiak apparently subscribe to a selfimposed catch and release philosophy. This was evidenced by the small fraction 9.7 of the total catch being ki11ed and kept. Coho salmon were the most likely fish to be kept by anglers.

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This annual report discusses the stations highlights in 1932. During the year, the main construction program of the station was completed. At the College station, studies on digestive abilities of muskoxen and reindeer were conducted, among others. Husbandry practices are also discussed.

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Objectives, history, location, physical characteristics, resources, socioeconomic consideration, development and management, summary and conclusions, photographs, location map, and map of refuge. Because of its natural state and scientific values, Chamisso National Wildlife Refuge is recommended for inclusion in the National Wilderness System.

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Bird populations and use of habitat at the Canning River Delta, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, was the subject of a study during the summer of 1979 and 1980. Results are presented in four sections: bird use of tundra habitats, bird use of shoreline habitats of the Beaufort Sea, migration, and species accounts.

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Both trumpeter swans Cygnus buccinator and tundra swans Cygnus columbianus breed on the Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge. Current population status of either species on the Refuge is not well known. Aerial and ground surveys were conducted on the Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge during the spring and summer of 1986 to estimate swan abundance and productivity on the Refuge and to provide an index for determining relative abundance of the two species. A description of the study area, methods used, and a discussion of the results is covered. Management recommendations are also included.

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Results from 1984 of large scale monitoring of goose populations nesting in the YK Delta, initiated in 1982 in response to long term decline in number of geese nesting and dramatic declines in cackling Canada geese and Pacific black brant.

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Preliminary results on nesting initiation, success, and predation and management recommendations for future data gathering and recording.

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The main phase of investigation at Karluk Lake in 1961 will be continued research into racial characteristics, fry survival in two diverse stream types, enumeration of smolts and mapping the extent of beach spawners. A final study of post fertilization conditions at Bare Lake will be made with emphasis placed on changes in abundance of the fish populations. Studies of the growth, distribution, and survival of Karluk Lake juvenile salmon will commence in 1961.

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This paper discusses the status and possible future of wolf management in interior and arctic Alaska. The paper begins by discussing the history of the humanwolf relationship, and moves on to current control techniques. An analysis of the preliminary results related to age composition of populations, age of sexual maturity, number of young produced, the survival of these young, and factors that tend to inflict mortality to wolf populations other than human causes in included.

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Wooded Islands and the surrounding waters are threatened with oil pollution in the near future. Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas exploration has already begun in the northern Gulf, and the Valdez terminal of the TransAlaska oil pipeline is scheduled to begin operation in the summer of 1977. Since currents in the Gulf flow in a counterclockwise direction, oil spilled near Hinchinbrook Entrance or in the lease area near Kayak Island may be expected to reach Wooded Islands.