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This data set contains a series of land surface parameters simulated from the Noah 2.7.1 model in the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS). The data are in 0.25 degree resolution and range from 2000 to the present. The temporal resolution is 3-hour. This simulation was forced by combination of NOAA/GDAS atmospheric analysis fields, spatially and temporally disaggregated NOAA Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) fields, and observation based downward shortwave and longwave radiation fields derived using the method of the Air Force Weather Agency's AGRicultural METeorological modeling system (AGRMET). The simulation was initialized on 1 January 1979 using soil moisture and other state fields from a GLDAS/Noah model climatology for that day of the year. WGRIB or other GRIB reader is required to read the files. The data set applies a user-defined parameter table to indicate the contents and parameter number. The GRIBTAB file (http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/hydrology/grib_tabs/gribtab_GLDAS_NOAH.txt) shows a list of parameters for this data set, along with their Product Definition Section (PDS) IDs and units. For more information, please see the README Document at ftp://hydro1.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/s4pa/GLDAS_V1/README.GLDAS.pdf.

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TerraMetrics, Inc., proposes a Phase II R/R&D program to implement the TerraBlocks<SUP>TM</SUP> Server architecture that provides geospatial data authoring, storage and delivery capabilities. TerraBlocks enables successful deployment, display and visual interaction of diverse, massive, multi-dimensional science datasets within popular web-based geospatial platforms like Google Earth and NASA World Wind. TerraBlocks is a wavelet-encoded data storage technology and server architecture for NASA science data deployment into widely available web-based geospatial applications. The TerraBlocks approach provides dynamic geospatial data services with an emphasis on 1) server and data storage efficiency, 2) maintaining server-to-client science data integrity and 3) offering client-specific delivery of large Earth science geospatial datasets. The TerraBlocks approach bridges the gap between inflexible, but fast, pre-computed tile delivery approaches and highly flexible, but slower, map services approaches. The pursued technology exploits the use of a network-friendly, wavelet-compressed data format and server architecture that extracts and delivers appropriately-sized blocks of multi-resolution geospatial data to geospatial client applications on demand and in interactive real time. The Phase II project objective is to provide a complete and fully-functional prototype TerraBlocks data authoring and server software package delivery to NASA and simultaneously set the stage for commercial availability. The Phase III objective is to commercially deploy the TerraBlocks technology, with the collaboration of our commercial and government partners, to provide the enabling basis for widely available third-party data authoring and web-based geospatial application data services.

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The NOAA UHF 449 Profiler data was collected during the NASA supported Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E). The Ultra High Frequency 449 MHz profiler was one of three NOAA deployed instruments which also included a Parsivel and a 2.8 GHz profiler (S-Band). The 449 MHz profiler raw data files provide estimates of the vertical air motion during precipitation from near the surface to just below the freezing level. Used together with the S-band profiler, vertical profiles of raindrop size distributions can be retrieved. The raw 449MGx profiler data consists of uncalibrated Doppler velocity spectra data in units of relative power return.

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Hall thrusters can be operated over a wide range of specific impulse while maintaining high efficiency. However S/C power system constraints on electric propulsion systems often force a choice of maximum power operation over a narrow range of specific impulse and thrust. Most spacecraft users would desire a continuous selection of thrust and specific impulse at maximum power when possible, but power supply systems currently do not exist with this level of functionality. To provide continuous Hall thruster adjustment, a power supply must be wide ranging in voltage, current, and power. In addition, the power supply system must be lightweight and efficient. The proposed work addresses these needs through a three-phase resonant power conversion strategy combined with novel frequency selective output-stage circuitry that will allow greater than 8:1 output voltage adjustment at power levels up to and beyond 100-kW. Three-phase resonant power converters utilize filter components with lower mass and size relative to single-phase converters, and demonstrated efficiencies are greater than 97%. Additionally, resonant converters operate at higher frequency, which results in extended stability when used in dynamic load situations imposed by Hall thrusters. The proposed Phase I program will develop a prototype power supply and demonstrate its functionality.

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The National Assessment of Coastal Change Hazards project derives beach morphology features from lidar elevation data for the purpose of understanding and predicting storm impacts to our nation's coastlines. This dataset defines mean beach slopes along the United States Southeast Gulf of Mexico from Bradenton Beach to Clearwater Beach, Florida for data collected at various times between 1998 and 2010.

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Advanced wing configurations where traditional control surfaces are replaced by dynamically controlled distribution of wing twist and/or camber can provide significant benefits to aircraft performance, such as reduced vibration and noise, increased fuel efficiency. Elimination of traditional control surfaces such as flaps can lead to smoother wing surfaces which are especially important in reducing electromagnetic signature of the wings in military aircraft. In this research and development program, Materials Technologies Corporation (MTC) and its team members propose a three-dimensional warping concept in which the typically closed airfoil section is cut open to create a torsionally compliant mechanism that acts as its own amplification device without needing additional mechanisms whatsoever. Deformation of the airfoil is entirely controlled by out-of-plane warping, a purely geometric effect.

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The Ozark Plateau National Wildlife Refuge Refuge is located in east central Oklahoma; a sizeable portion of the Refuge is also located along Spavinaw Creek, near the headwaters of Lake Eucha. Recent studies concluded that Lake Eucha was receiving high concentrations of phosphorus and nitrate in surface and ground water, respectively. The scientific objective of this study is to expand the database of contaminants present in the aquatic habitats of the Ozark Plateau National Wildlife Refuge. This database includes information on concentrations of heavy metals and organochlorines in groundwater and sediment, and in bats and food sources collected from designated caves and riparian areas within the Refuge. Based on the data in this study, there appears to be slight organic and inorganic contamination of the cave habitats which were assessed, including groundwater flowing through the caves.

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The primary purpose of the Agassiz NWR Grassland Management Program is directed toward meeting the Refuge objectives and specifically relates to dabbler production, migratory bird habitat and maintenance, and wildlifewildlands observations. Soil information, vegetative composition, management history, and management objectives are provided for each grassland unit on the Refuge.

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The SeaWiFS instrument was launched by Orbital Sciences Corporation on the OrbView-2 (a.k.a. SeaStar) satellite in August 1997, and collected data from September 1997 until the end of mission in December 2010. SeaWiFS had 8 spectral bands from 412 to 865 nm. It collected global data at 4 km resolution, and local data (limited onboard storage and direct broadcast) at 1 km. The mission and sensor were optimized for ocean color measurements, with a local noon (descending) equator crossing time orbit, fore-and-aft tilt capability, full dynamic range, and low polarization sensitivity.

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MODIS/Terra Land Surface Temperature/Emissivity Daily L3 Global 1km SIN Grid

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The Air Carrier Statistics database, also known as the T-100 data bank, contains domestic and international airline market and segment data. certificated U.S. air carriers report monthly air carrier traffic information using Form T-100. Foreign carriers having at least one point of service in the United States or one of its territories report monthly air carrier traffic information using Form T-100(f). The data is collected by the Office of Airline Information, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Research and Innovative Technology Administration.

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Map (letter-size) showing BLM-administered lands available for solar energy development as identified in the Solar PEIS Record of Decision, including maps of the solar energy zones (SEZs) and the variance areas.

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This Comprehensive Conservation Plan CCP was written to guide management on Swan Lake NWR for the next 15 years. This plan outlines the Refuge vision and purpose and describes how Swan Lake NWR will contribute to the overall mission of the Refuge System. The plan provides an introduction to the Refuge, an overview of the CCP process, information about the environment, goals and objectives, and strategies for implementation. Key planning issues include: Canada geese, water quality, ecological integrity, visitor services, and fishing.

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The "Frequently Asked Questions" web site is designed to answer questions that are of a general nature. To address individualized concerns contact the specific Office of Personnel Management (OPM) program office or other responsible agency.

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ABSTRACT: NPP TROPICAL FOREST: MANAUS, BRAZIL, 1963-1990

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The Traffic Volume Trends montly report is a natinal data report that provides quality controlled vehicle miles traveled data for each State for all roadways

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This annual narrative report for Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge and Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge Complex outlines accomplishments during the 2000 fiscal year. The report begins with an introduction to the Refuge. Highlights and weather conditions are summarized for the year. Information about monitoring and studies including surveys and censuses and studies and investigations is provided next. Habitat restoration and management projects are also covered; activities include wetland restoration, upland restoration, riverine restoration, water level management, moist soil management, mowing, farming, timber management, prescribed burning, and vegetation control. Fish and wildlife management are discussed next with emphasis on bird banding, disease monitoring, reintroductions, nest structures, and animal control. Coordination activities, such as interagency coordination, tribal coordination, and private land activities, are outlined. The resource protection section provides an update on law enforcement, permits, contaminant investigation, water rights, and cultural resource management. Information about public education and recreation is given including visitor services and outreach. Finally, comprehensive management planning and general administration are discussed in the Refuge planning and administration section. Refuge brochures are attached.

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We propose to develop novel FPGA-based algorithmic technology that will enable unprecedented computational power for the solution of large sparse linear equation systems. In Phase I, we will develop a prototype of a non-von-Neumann linear equation solver equipped with our technology, and demonstrate an intermediate milestone for its operational speedup and performance gains using at least two of the CFD problems in the NAS benchmark. Phase I will also deliver a clear technology roadmap in terms of algorithmic and architectural innovations needed to bring the project to success by the end of Phase II. Four mission-critical areas to the success of an FPGA-based non-von-Neuman system within a von-Neumann-based supercomputing environment are identified, namely (1) portability; (2) ease of use; (3) algorithmic speed balance between von-Neumann and non-von-Neumann components; and (4) communication speed. Innovative architectural and algorithmic methods aimed at boosting system effectiveness through each one of the four areas are proposed. In particular, we propose the use of "portability wrappers" to enable wide portability at both hardware and software levels, software drivers in the form of an API for ease of use from a C and/or Fortran environment, innovative reconfigurable computing algorithms and bit structure optimizations suited to the LU factorization problem for speed, and a novel algorithmic technique within the reconfigurable computing paradigm that effectively eliminates the communication bottleneck, typical of multi-system distributed algorithms, for the LU factorization problem. The performance attainable with a single FPGA will be comparable to that of a 1,000-node commodity cluster, while exhibiting reductions of one to two orders of magnitude in both cost and power consumption.

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Remote sensing of optical properties of coastal waters provides essential information for various scientific questions & applications as monitoring biological biomass & productivity, biogeochemical carbon cycling, pollution, ecosystem health. OKSI, with Scripps Institution of Oceanography, propose developing a novel submersible instrument that provides simultaneous multi-depth (0-10 m) measurements of upwelling & downwelling radiative fluxes in the UV-VIS-NIR at high spectral resolution. The measurements are needed to support ocean color algorithm development, validation, & application to remote sensing measurement for the retrieval of biochemical & optical ocean parameters. All electronics components will be above water & the submersible will require no power or electronics. In Phase I underwater radiative transfer analysis will be conducted to establish the science requirements & translate those into sensor design. The submersible sensor system will be designed and modeled to assure that it meets the science requirements of SNR, dynamic range, & spectral resolution. Calibration procedures will be established to assure high data quality. In Phase-II the prototype instrument will be built and tested at sea & data compared to other SIO instruments. The proposed system will quantify the underwater downwelling irradiance and upwelling radiance through simultaneous measurements at several depths (plus the downwelling irradiance incident upon the sea surface), filling a major gap in technological capabilities for providing accurate light field determinations at the ocean surface from data taken within optically dynamic near-surface ocean layer. In this layer, the usage of commercial radiometers and common measurement strategies is typically inadequate. This proposed development will improve retrievals of remote-sensing reflectance and consequently information about in-water constituents/properties. The project outcome at the end of Phase-II will be at TRL 6.

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The Grayscale Shaded Relief of Hawaii map layer is a 100-meter resolution grayscale shaded relief image of Hawaii, in an Albers Equal-Area Conic projection. Shaded relief was created with the ArcGIS Hillshade command, with 45-degree sun elevation, 315-degree azimuth, and a z-factor of 1.0. Very dark and very light shades both represent steeper terrain. Mid-range grays represent flatter terrain. The grayscale shaded relief data were derived from the National Atlas 100-meter resolution elevation data. The elevation data were derived from 2012 National Elevation Dataset (NED) data and show the terrain of Hawaii at a resolution of 100 meters. The NED is a raster product assembled by the U.S. Geological Survey, designed to provide national elevation data in a seamless form with a consistent datum, elevation unit, and projection. Data corrections made in the NED assembly process minimize artifacts, permit edge matching, and fill sliver areas of missing data. More information on NED can be found at http://ned.usgs.gov.

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The Conjugate Etalon Spectral Imaging (CESI) concept enables the development of miniature instruments with high spectral resolution, suitable for LEO missions aboard CubeSat or nanosat buses, including constellation missions providing global coverage and characterization of dynamic phenomena. Small size, low power, and a simplified instrument architecture support missions for earth observation, atmospheric science, and planetary science. Unlike prior art hyperspectral and ultraspectral instruments that are much too large and complex for deployment on a nanosat, the CESI concept can be implemented in a small form factor using inexpensive components and requiring only a small optical aperture. CESI superimposes the interferogram from a conjugate Fabry-Perot etalon on the image of a scanned scene captured on a novel high-sensitivity low-noise SWIR focal plane. Using image processing, high resolution spectral characterization is performed independently for each point in the scene. The innovative focal plane and spectroscopic concepts have many promising scientific and commercial applications. The Scanned Etalon Methane Mapper (SEMM) is a CubeSat instrument that incorporates the CESI concept to perform global daytime mapping of atmospheric methane column density. Performance capabilities: ground resolution 100 m; concentration sensitivity 18 ppb; and global revisit ~ 60 days.

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Invasive species are one of the most pervasive threats to biological integrity, diversity, and environmental health on units of the National Wildlife Refuge System NWRS. Invasive species can alter ecosystem function and structure e.g., shift fire regimes or nutrient cycling and change the distribution, abundance and diversity of native species and communities. The high cost of managing invasive species combined with decreasing budgets requires that we prioritize which invasive threats to manage and we use scientifically credible data to inform optimal management decisions and evaluate progress. A key first step in invasive management is identifying the species of greatest management concern and conducting an inventory of those species to determine their distribution and abundance. Inventory data inform management decisions and provide a baseline for evaluating progress. Although the value of inventory data is well known, inventories are considered a daunting task for many resource managers because of limited resources or lack of expertise on how to conduct invasive inventories. To begin addressing these challenges, the NWRS Inventory and Monitoring Initiative and the NWRS Invasive Species Program initiated the NWRS Invasive Plant Pilot Project Invasive Pilot to examine the diversity of factors influencing how refuges plan and conduct invasive plant inventories. The goals of the Project are to: 1 evaluate how variation in refuge size, environment, resource availability and other factors influence planning and implementation of invasive plant inventories and 2 use this information to inform a NWRS framework or guide for conducting invasive plant inventories. Although the focus of this effort is on invasive plants, many of the concepts can be applied to other invasive taxa. This project was administered by invasive plant subject matter experts employed by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Utah State University, and Colorado State University.

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Annual data on calls by oceangoing vessels of 10,000 deadweight (dwt) or greater at US and world ports. Vessel details are also included.

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A catalog of stakeholder complaints and their resolution on Multi-State Plan Program (MSPP) health plan options.

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The 2014 cartographic boundary shapefiles are simplified representations of selected geographic areas from the U.S. Census Bureau's Master Address File / Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER) Database (MTDB). These boundary files are specifically designed for small-scale thematic mapping. When possible, generalization is performed with the intent to maintain the hierarchical relationships among geographies and to maintain the alignment of geographies within a file set for a given year. Geographic areas may not align with the same areas from another year. Some geographies are available as nation-based files while others are available only as state-based files. SLDU stands for State Legislative District Upper Chamber. State Legislative Districts (SLDs) are the areas from which members are elected to State legislatures. The SLDs embody the upper (senate) and lower (house) chambers of the state legislature. Nebraska has a unicameral legislature and the District of Columbia has a single council, both of which the Census Bureau treats as upper-chamber legislative areas for the purpose of data presentation; there are no data by SLDL for either Nebraska or the District of Columbia. A unique three-character census code, identified by State participants, is assigned to each SLD within a state. In Connecticut, Illinois, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Ohio, and Puerto Rico, the Redistricting Data Program (RDP) participant did not define the SLDs to cover all of the state or state equivalent area. In these areas with no SLDs defined, the code "ZZZ" has been assigned, which is treated as a single SLD for purposes of data presentation. The boundaries of the 2014 State legislative districts were provided by state-level participants through the RDP and reflect the districts used to elect members in or prior to the November 2014 election.