Summary

Description

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the statutory mandate to collect hydrographic data in support of nautical chart compilation for safe navigation and to provide background data for engineers, scientific, and other commercial and industrial activities. Hydrographic survey data primarily consist of water depths, but may also include features (e.g. rocks, wrecks), navigation aids, shoreline identification, and bottom type information. NOAA is responsible for archiving and distributing the source data as described in this metadata record.

Summary

Description

NOAA's National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) is building high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) for select U.S. coastal regions. These integrated bathymetric-topographic DEMs are used to support tsunami forecasting and modeling efforts at the NOAA Center for Tsunami Research, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL). The DEMs are part of the tsunami forecast system SIFT (Short-term Inundation Forecasting for Tsunamis) currently being developed by PMEL for the NOAA Tsunami Warning Centers, and are used in the MOST (Method of Splitting Tsunami) model developed by PMEL to simulate tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation. Bathymetric, topographic, and shoreline data used in DEM compilation are obtained from various sources, including NGDC, the U.S. National Ocean Service (NOS), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and other federal, state, and local government agencies, academic institutions, and private companies. DEMs are referenced to the vertical tidal datum of Mean High Water (MHW) and horizontal datum of World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84). Grid spacings for the DEMs range from 1/3 arc-second (~10 meters) to 3 arc-seconds (~90 meters).

Summary

Summary

Summary

Description

NOAA's National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) is building high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) for select U.S. coastal regions. These integrated bathymetric-topographic DEMs are used to support tsunami forecasting and modeling efforts at the NOAA Center for Tsunami Research, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL). The DEMs are part of the tsunami forecast system SIFT (Short-term Inundation Forecasting for Tsunamis) currently being developed by PMEL for the NOAA Tsunami Warning Centers, and are used in the MOST (Method of Splitting Tsunami) model developed by PMEL to simulate tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation. Bathymetric, topographic, and shoreline data used in DEM compilation are obtained from various sources, including NGDC, the U.S. National Ocean Service (NOS), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and other federal, state, and local government agencies, academic institutions, and private companies. DEMs are referenced to the vertical tidal datum of Mean High Water (MHW) and horizontal datum of World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84). Grid spacings for the DEMs range from 1/3 arc-second (~10 meters) to 3 arc-seconds (~90 meters).

Summary

Summary

Description

A time series of scale samples (1956 2002) collected from adult sockeye salmon returning to Naknek River were retrieved from the Alaska Department of Fish and Game. These scales were digitized, revealing growth information for the freshwater and marine life history stages of sockeye salmon. The growth information will be related to time series of sockeye salmon production to Bristol Bay and oceanographic conditions within the Bering Sea and North Pacific Ocean.

Summary

Description

This dataset contains an ESRI Grid representing the slope (in degrees) of the bathymetry of Grammanik Bank, south of St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands, based on a 5m bathymetric grid.NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Team, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data in the US Virgin Islands from 2/1/05 to 2/12/05. Data was acquired with a pole-mounted Reson 8101 ER multibeam echosounder (240 kHz) and processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS v5.4 software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 20 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on swath angle. An ASCII XYZ file was exported from the BASE surface and opened in ESRI ArcMap 9 as an XY event. Then the ArcToolbox conversion tool 'Feature to Raster' was used to generate an ESRI Grid of bathymetry. Finally, the Slope calculator within ArcGIS Spatial Analyst/Surface Analysis was used to calculate slope in degrees, using that ESRI Grid of source bathymetry.The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards.

Summary

Description

Understanding the processes that regulate early marine survival of salmon is a major goal of the Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (GLOBEC) Northeast Pacific (NEP) program. Faster growth and larger body size are generally associated with higher marine survival for most species of juvenile salmon, which experience relatively high mortality rates during early marine life. The interaction between the temporal-spatial distribution of juvenile salmon, growth performance, environmental conditions, and stage-specific survival are critical to understanding how physical and biological factors contribute to production and survival, and influence the mechanisms, magnitude, location, and timing of marine mortality. The northern Coastal Gulf of Alaska (CGOA) is a highly productive, down-welling based system where freshwater runoff and winds dominate the physical processes on the shelf. The physical environment changes at different spatial and temporal scales, which is believed to influence inter-annual variability in distribution, feeding, growth, and survival of juvenile salmon. Pink salmon are the upper trophic level target species of GLOBEC, however, the overarching programmatic goal is to enhance our understanding of the processes driving the physical structure and biological productivity of the highly dynamic CGOA system.

Summary

Description

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the statutory mandate to collect hydrographic data in support of nautical chart compilation for safe navigation and to provide background data for engineers, scientific, and other commercial and industrial activities. Hydrographic survey data primarily consist of water depths, but may also include features (e.g. rocks, wrecks), navigation aids, shoreline identification, and bottom type information. NOAA is responsible for archiving and distributing the source data as described in this metadata record.

Summary

Description

Summer surveys (Julyb??August) of juvenile salmon ecology along the continental shelf of the Gulf of Alaska are conducted annually by scientists from the Ocean Carrying Capacity program of the National Marine Fisheries Serviceb??s Auke Bay Laboratory. These surveys are an effort to link changes in salmon production to biological and physical factors in the ocean environment. An improved understanding of salmon distribution is one objective of this research. We identified the origin of juvenile chum salmon collected in transects from around the Gulf of Alaska in 2000 and 2001, using the presence of thermal marks in hatchery fish and the divergence of genetic characteristics among regional groups of populations.

Summary

Description

This database is a collection of species identification for biological materials archived or recorded in the Auke Bay Marine Station Biological Specimen Reference Collections. Species are listed by scientific name (genus and species) according the most recent editions of The American Fisheries Society List of Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States, Canada: Crustacea, List of Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States, Canada: Mollusks, List of Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States, Canada: Cnidaria and Ctenophore, List of Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States, Canada and Mexico or as obtained from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System, AFS check lists for Names of Mollusks (2nd Edition), AFS Names of Fishes (6th Edition). Collection data are the original field data taken from collection data sheets modeled after that of Hubbs, C.L., and K. F. Lagler, 1964. Fishes of the Great Lakes Region, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Specimens and/or archived collection data extend back to 1941 and include extensive freshwater sampling by the Fish and Wildlife Service River Basins surveys, and Exploratory Fishing and Gear Research surveys prior to the establishment of Auke Bay Laboratory in 1960. These data are useful for documentation of species distributions (current and historical), habitat descriptions, and species associations.

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Description

The U.S. National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) operates the Global Argo Data Repository (GADR) as the long-term archive for the International Global Argo Project (for additional information about Argo, see http://www.argo.ucsd.edu/ (last accessed December 2006)). Argo data archived by the US NODC on a weekly basis starting the second quarter of FY 2003, may include real-time and/or delayed-mode profiles of ocean temperature and salinity, as well as related conductivity and/or pressure measurements (if any), collected by Argo profiling floats.

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Summary

Description

This project is a cooperative effort between the National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, the University of Hawaii, and Analytical Laboratories of Hawaii, LLC. The goal of the work was to develop coral reef mapping methods and compare benthic habitat maps generated by photointerpreting georeferenced color aerial photography, hyperspectral and IKONOS satellite imagery. The enhanced spectral resolution of hyperspectral and control of bandwidths of multispectral data yield an advantage over color aerial photography particularly when coral health and time series analysis of coral reef community structure are of interest. Depending on the type of instrument, a spectral imaging system can be utilized to see multiple colors from ultraviolet through the far infrared range. The AURORA hyperspectral imaging system collected 72 ten nm bands in the visible and near infrared spectral range with a 3 meter pixel resolution. The data was processed to select band widths, which optimized feature detection in shallow and deep water. Photointerpreters can accurately and reliably delineate boundaries of features in the imagery as they appear on the computer monitor using a software interface such as the Habitat Digitizer.

Summary

Description

To better understand how density-dependent growth of ocean-dwelling Pacific salmon varied with climate and population dynamics, we examined the marine growth of sockeye salmon in relation to an index of sockeye salmon abundances among climate regimes, population abundances, and body sizes under varied life history stages, from 1925 to 1998 using ordinary least squares and multivariate adaptive regression spline threshold models. The annual marine growth and body size during the juvenile, immature, and maturing life stages were estimated from increments on the scales of adult age 2.2 sockeye salmon that returned to spawn at Karluk River and Lake on Kodiak Island, Alaska. Intra-specific density-dependent growth was inferred from inverse relationships between growth and sockeye salmon abundance based on commercial harvest. Density-dependent growth occurred in all marine life stages, during the cool regime, at lower abundance levels, and at smaller body sizes at the start of the juvenile life stage. The finding that density-dependence occurred during the cool regime and at low population abundances suggests that a shift to a cool regime or extreme warm regime at higher population abundances could further reduce the marine growth of salmon and increase competition for resources. Alaska salmon production fluctuates with climate and ocean conditions in the North Pacific Ocean. In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that faster marine growth was related to higher survival as a consequence of more favorable ocean conditions for growth during the 1927-46 and 1977-2000 warm regimes, and slower growth was related to lower survival as a consequence of less favorable climatic and oceanic conditions for growth during the 1947-76 cool regime. We measured and compared the annual growth on scales collected from age 2.2 sockeye salmon that returned to Karluk Lake on Kodiak Island, Alaska from 1927 to 2000 to regime periods, climatic and oceanic indices, and survival. First and second marine-year scale growth fluctuated with the cool regime and recent warm regime. Survival estimated as the ratio of offspring to parental escapement was lower during the 1925-46 warm regime and 1947-76 cool regime. Survival was positively related to first and second marine year scale growth, eastern North Pacific atmospheric circulation, and reduced winter and spring coastal downwelling in the Gulf of Alaska. Winter and spring climatic and oceanic conditions influences on first and second year marine growth of Karluk Lake sockeye are a possible mechanisms linking Karluk Lake sockeye salmon survival to climate over the past half century.

Summary

Description

On 25 July 2001, the Russian factory trawler Petropavlovsk was seized in the Bering Sea seven miles into the U. S. EEZ by the U. S. Coast Guard. There was approximately 75 metric tons of pink and chum salmon onboard that the captain claimed were purchased from the Russian coastal fishing fleet off the east coast of Kamchatka. Samples of both pink and chum salmon were analyzed using stock identification methods to determine whether they were of Asian or North American origin. The origins of the chum salmon samples were 92% Asian and 8% North American by the standard maximum likelihood (MLE) method, and 100% Asian by the Bayesian method. The origins of the pink salmon samples were 85% Asian and 15% North American by the MLE method, and 99% Asian and 1% North American by the Bayesian method. Results of the analysis do not refute the F/V Petropavlovsk captainb??s statement that he purchased the salmon in Russian waters.

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Summary

Description

The Arctic region has experienced warming in recent years, resulting in decreased summer sea ice cover and increased sea surface temperatures. In 2007, the U.S. BASIS survey extended surface trawling into the Chukchi Sea; juvenile chum salmon were collected at most stations. Genetic methods were applied to identify the origin of the juvenile chum salmon collected in the Chukchi Sea and Bering Strait. Most of the juvenile chum salmon caught in the Bering Strait were from northern Russian populations and the majority collected in the Chukchi Sea were from northwestern Alaska populations.

Summary

Description

NOAA's National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) is building high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) for select U.S. coastal regions. These integrated bathymetric-topographic DEMs are used to support tsunami forecasting and modeling efforts at the NOAA Center for Tsunami Research, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL). The DEMs are part of the tsunami forecast system SIFT (Short-term Inundation Forecasting for Tsunamis) currently being developed by PMEL for the NOAA Tsunami Warning Centers, and are used in the MOST (Method of Splitting Tsunami) model developed by PMEL to simulate tsunamigeneration, propagation, and inundation. Bathymetric, topographic, and shoreline data used in DEM compilation are obtained from various sources, including NGDC, the U.S. National Ocean Service (NOS), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Aeronautic Space Administration (NASA), and other federal, state, and local government agencies, and academic institutions. DEMs are referenced to the vertical tidal datum of Mean High Water (MHW) and horizontal datum of World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84). Grid spacings for the DEM is 1 arc-second (30m).

Summary

Description

Samples of chum (Oncorhynchus keta) and sockeye (O. nerka) salmon seized from the stateless fishing vessel Ying Fa were analyzed to determine their region of origin using genetic stock identification (GSI), otolith marks, parasite analysis, and scale data. Based on GSI, the chum salmon samples originated in Russia, 86%; Japan, 2%; western Alaska, 2%; Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak, 8%; and British Columbia, 2%. Origins of the sockeye salmon sample were not so clear because there was some disagreement between the parasite data and the GSI and scale data. Results of parasite analysis suggested the sample was nearly all of Alaskan origin, with at least 15% coming from Bristol Bay. The GSI analysis indicated that 30% of the sockeye salmon originated in Russia and 70% in North America. The scale analysis showed that 97% of the sockeye salmon sample were ocean age 3, whereas the return to Bristol Bay in 1999 was approximately 70% ocean age 2 fish.

Summary

Summary

Summary

Description

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the statutory mandate to collect hydrographic data in support of nautical chart compilation for safe navigation and to provide background data for engineers, scientific, and other commercial and industrial activities. Hydrographic survey data primarily consist of water depths, but may also include features (e.g. rocks, wrecks), navigation aids, shoreline identification, and bottom type information. NOAA is responsible for archiving and distributing the source data as described in this metadata record.

Summary