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To support a long-term NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) for sustainable management and conservation of coral reef ecosystems, from 24 January - 14 February 2008, reef fish assessment surveys were conducted, as a part of Rapid Ecological Assessments (REA), during the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) Cruise HI0801 in the Pacific Remote Island Areas at biennial intervals by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) at the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC). During the cruise, 12 REA sites were surveyed at Johnston Atoll in the Pacific Remote Island Areas. At the specific REA sites, fish biologists along with coral biologists, algal biologists and marine invertebrate zoologist entered the water and conducted a fine-scale (~300 m2) and high degree of taxonomic resolution REA survey to assess and monitor species composition, abundance, percent cover, size distribution, diversity, and general health of fish, corals, macro-invertebrates, and algae in shallow-water (< 35 m) habitats. Reef fish assessment surveys were focused on cataloging the diversity (species richness), abundance (numeric density [# fish 100 m-2] and biomass density [kg 100 m-2]) of diurnally active reef fish assemblages. Three complementary noninvasive underwater survey methods were used, including belt-transect, stationary point count, and roving-diver surveys. For all methods, fish were identified at the species level, when possible, and assigned to a size bin ranging from 1 to 200 cm based on a visual estimate of total fish length. Belt-transect (BLT) surveys were used to quantify the entire diurnal fish community (all size classes). In belt-transect surveys, two fish biologists swam side-by-side along three consecutively-placed, 25m transect lines. The BLT team swam each transect two times. During the initial swim-out, each fish diver recorded all fish larger than 20 cm observed within a 4-m wide belt perpendicular to their respective side of the transect (200 m2 area per line, 100 m2 per diver). On the return swim, each fish diver recorded all fish less than 20 cm observed within a 2-m wide belt (100 m2 area per line, 50 m2 per diver). The survey of large fish took approximately 5 min to complete while the survey of smaller fish took about 10 min to complete. All reef-associated fish, including those in the water column (including planktivores), were counted. Any coastal pelagic species (e.g., clupeids [sardines], belonids [beakfish], antherinids [silversides]) seen near the surface were not recorded. The stationary point count (SPC) method were used to quantify larger, more mobile reef fish species that can be missed on belt-transect surveys. In stationary point count survey, a fish biologist swam approximately 15 m away from a transect line concurrently being surveyed by the other two BLT fish biologists. The SPC biologist then recorded all fish greater than 25 cm in length that passed within a visually estimated 20-m diameter cylinder centered on the diver's fixed position (10-m radius, total area = 314 m2). The survey time for each stationary point count survey was 5 min and a total of four stationary point count surveys were conducted at each REA site. Roving-diver surveys were followed belt-transect and stationary point count surveys. As diver bottom time permitted, the fish assessment team conducted random swim surveys throughout the REA site area, recording, to the species level or the lowest recognizable taxon, the presence of reef fish not encountered during previous methods.

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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the statutory mandate to collect hydrographic data in support of nautical chart compilation for safe navigation and to provide background data for engineers, scientific, and other commercial and industrial activities. Hydrographic survey data primarily consist of water depths, but may also include features (e.g. rocks, wrecks), navigation aids, shoreline identification, and bottom type information. NOAA is responsible for archiving and distributing the source data as described in this metadata record.

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All imagery was collected during the 2014 Spring flying season during leaf-off conditions for deciduous vegetation in the State of South Carolina. The sun angle was at 30-degrees or greater, and streams were within their normal banks. During the flight planning and acquisition, a significant effort was made to limit clouds, snow, fog, haze, smoke, or other ground obscuring conditions in the imagery. In no case does the maximum cloud cover exceed 5% per image. Within the immediate areas of power plants, factories, or controlled agricultural burns some steam or smoke and/or shadows may be visible on imagery.

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Meteorological, oceanographic, wave spectra, and other data were collected from FIXED PLATFORMS in the North Atlantic and other locations. Data were collected by the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) in support of the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) project from 01 January 1985 to 26 January 1985. Data were processed by NODC to the standard NODC F291-Meteorology, Oceanography, and Wave Spectra from Buoys format. Full format description is available from NODC at www.nodc.noaa.gov/General/NODC-Archive/f291.html. Links to digital data are not available at this time. An analog file is available from NODC user services. The F291 format is used to report meteorological, oceanographic, and wave spectra data from NDBC moored buoys and fixed land stations. The format contains thirteen data record types to: 1) Identify the buoy position and other descriptive information; 2) report the meteorological measurements; 3) report wave energy spectra and wave direction; 4) report subsurface physical, biological and chemical oceanographic measurements; and 5) report detailed information on continuously measured wind speed and direction. Each record is 120 characters in length, sorted by station and record type. Record type is omitted where data defined in that type and not measured. The first nine columns for all records are to be used for file type (columns 1-3) and file identifier (columns 4-9). The file identifier, assigned by the originator, is a unique originator id for each data submission. After submission, the NODC reassigns to this field a unique and NODC identifier for internal use.

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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the statutory mandate to collect hydrographic data in support of nautical chart compilation for safe navigation and to provide background data for engineers, scientific, and other commercial and industrial activities. Hydrographic survey data primarily consist of water depths, but may also include features (e.g. rocks, wrecks), navigation aids, shoreline identification, and bottom type information. NOAA is responsible for archiving and distributing the source data as described in this metadata record.

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Bathythermograph data was collected from VALKIRIYA and other PLATFORMS in the North Atlantic Ocean and other locations. Data was collected from 10 March 1985 to 02 June 1985. Parameters include wind speed, wind direction, water temperature, and water depth. Data are in the Bathythermograph 36 Day Rotating File format.

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Current meter components data were collected from FIXED PLATFORMS from 06 May 1965 to 01 May 1974. Data were collected by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO). Data were processed by NODC to the NODC standard F015 Current Meter Components format. Full format description is available from NODC at www.nodc.noaa.gov/General/NODC-Archive/f015.html. The F015 format contains time series measurements of ocean currents. These data are obtained from current meter moorings and represent the Eulerian method of current measurement, i.e., the meters are deployed at a fixed point and measure flow past a sensor. Position, bottom depth, sensor depth and meter characteristics are reported for each station. The data record includes values of east-west (u) and north-south (v) current vector components at specified date and time. Current direction is defined as the direction toward which the water is flowing with positive directions east and north. Data values may be subject to averaging or filtering and are typically reported at 10 - 15 minute time intervals. Water temperature, pressure and conductivity or salinity may also be reported. A text record is available for optional comments.

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Current components data were collected from current meters in the NE Pacific (limit-180). Data were collected by the Japanese Hydrographic Office from 01 June 1954 to 01 June 1970. Parameters include East/West velocity components (U) and North/South velocity components (V). Data are in the Japanese Oceanographic Data Center (JODC) Surfase Current Data Set - Data Format. Paragraph below was present prior to current edit. Geomagnetic Electrokinetograph (GEK) data was submitted by the Japanese Oceanographic Data Center. The data were collected by multiple ships in the Northeast Pacific. The documentation contains a detailed record format and a list of Japanese agencies responsible for the data collection. A list of Japanese vessels and their ship codes was also included. The data submitted on magnetic tape has been converted into current NODC storage media format.

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This shapefile denotes the transect points of the underwater video and photos that were collected by NOAA scientists using a Spectrum Phantom S2 ROV (remotely operated vehicle). Photos and/or video were collected between 4/08/2012 to 4/20/2012 along transects from the North East Reserve, Puerto Rico in the U.S. Caribbean. These photos and videos will be manually classified into different habitat classes, and integrated with the abiotic data collected by the acoustic sonar (sound navigation and ranging) systems to develop a benthic habitat map for the U.S. Caribbean. Habitat maps describe the location of habitat features (in relation to the shoreline), their physical composition and the types of organisms that colonize them. Fundamentally, habitat maps provide critical information about the extent, health and composition of marine resources, which is vital for communicating information about the distribution and abundance of species to resource managers, scientists and the public. Habitat maps also support an increasing number of landscape ecology studies, as well as the process of marine spatial planning, including the design and evaluation of marine protected areas (MPAs).

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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the statutory mandate to collect hydrographic data in support of nautical chart compilation for safe navigation and to provide background data for engineers, scientific, and other commercial and industrial activities. Hydrographic survey data primarily consist of water depths, but may also include features (e.g. rocks, wrecks), navigation aids, shoreline identification, and bottom type information. NOAA is responsible for archiving and distributing the source data as described in this metadata record.

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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the statutory mandate to collect hydrographic data in support of nautical chart compilation for safe navigation and to provide background data for engineers, scientific, and other commercial and industrial activities. Hydrographic survey data primarily consist of water depths, but may also include features (e.g. rocks, wrecks), navigation aids, shoreline identification, and bottom type information. NOAA is responsible for archiving and distributing the source data as described in this metadata record.

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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the statutory mandate to collect hydrographic data in support of nautical chart compilation for safe navigation and to provide background data for engineers, scientific, and other commercial and industrial activities. Hydrographic survey data primarily consist of water depths, but may also include features (e.g. rocks, wrecks), navigation aids, shoreline identification, and bottom type information. NOAA is responsible for archiving and distributing the source data as described in this metadata record.

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Approximately 6.7 million measurements of surface water pCO2 made over the global oceans during 1957-2012 have been processed to make a uniform data file. Measurements made in open oceans as well as in coastal waters are included. The data assembled include only those measured using equilibrator-CO2 analyzer systems, and have been quality-controlled based upon the stability of the system performance, the reliability of calibrations for CO2 analysis and the internal consistency of data. In order to allow re-examination of the data in the future, a number of measured parameters relevant to pCO2 in seawater are listed. The overall uncertainty for the pCO2 values listed is estimated to be +/- 2.5 micro-atm on the average. The names and institutional affiliations of the contributors are listed in Table 1. A column is added for reporting the partial pressure of CO2 in seawater in units of Pascals. The documentations for the previous versions (V1.0, V2007, V2008, V2009, V2010 and V2011) of our database are available at CDIAC http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/LDEO_Database/ The global pCO2 data set is available free of charge as a numeric data package (NDP) from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC). The NDP consists of the oceanographic data files and this printed documentation, which describes the procedures and methods used to obtain the data. VERSION 2012: This version is referred to as Version 2012, and includes the data collected through 31 December 2012. In this update, about 277,000 pCO2 measurements made during 29 new cruise/ship files are added to the previous version 2011. The new additions include the new data from our field operations aboard L.M. Gould, N.B. Palmer, Marcus G. Langseth, US Coast Guard Cutter Healy. These data files from Gould, Palmer, Langseth, and Healy are also posted on our LDEO website: http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/pi/CO2/. In addition, several files from the Volunteer Observation Ships (VOS) program, M/V Explorer of the Seas, and 3 NOAA ships., which have recently been released for years 2010 - 2012, are combined into the master file of CDIAC http://cdiac.ornl.gov/oceans/.

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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the statutory mandate to collect hydrographic data in support of nautical chart compilation for safe navigation and to provide background data for engineers, scientific, and other commercial and industrial activities. Hydrographic survey data primarily consist of water depths, but may also include features (e.g. rocks, wrecks), navigation aids, shoreline identification, and bottom type information. NOAA is responsible for archiving and distributing the source data as described in this metadata record.

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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the statutory mandate to collect hydrographic data in support of nautical chart compilation for safe navigation and to provide background data for engineers, scientific, and other commercial and industrial activities. Hydrographic survey data primarily consist of water depths, but may also include features (e.g. rocks, wrecks), navigation aids, shoreline identification, and bottom type information. NOAA is responsible for archiving and distributing the source data as described in this metadata record.

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This dataset contains a GeoTIFF with 8x8 meter cell size representing the rugosity of a sharply sloping swath of the St. John Shelf, a selected portion of seafloor south of St. John, USVI, derived from data collected in March and April 2010. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Branch, in collaboration with NOAA vessel Nancy Foster and territory, federal, and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data south of St. Thomas and St. John, USVI, from 3/18/10 to 4/6/09. Data was acquired with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad EM 1002 multibeam echosounder (95 kHz) for water depths greater than 75 meters, and with a moon pool flange-mounted Reson 7125 multibeam echosounder (dual frequecy, 200/400 kHz) for water depths of up to 75 meters. It was processed by a NOAA contractor using CARIS HIPS software. Data has all correctors applied (attitude, sound velocity) and has been reduced to mean lower low water (MLLW) using final approved tides and zoning from NOAA COOPS. Data is in UTM zone 20 north, datum NAD83. The processed CARIS data was used to generate a CARIS BASE surface based on CUBE. A BAG file was exported from the BASE surface, and converted to a GeoTIFF in ESRI ArcMap 10. Rugosity was derived from this surface using NOAA's Benthic Terrain Modeler extension. The project was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 and 2 accuracy standards, dependant on the project area and depth. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards.

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The HOT program makes repeated observations of the physics, biology and chemistry at a site approximately 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii. Two stations are visited about once a month: Kahe Point (Station 1: 21.34N, 158.27W) and Station ALOHA (Station 2: 22.75N, 158W). Various other stations are made intermittently in support of similar research objectives or mooring deployments. HOT thermosalinograph data are recorded every 10 seconds from water collected by a continuous seawater system aboard each vessel from a depth of about 3 meters. This NODC Accession contains thermosalinograph data for HOT cruises 199-206 during 2008. CTD and Niskin bottle data from the same cruises are available in separate Accessions.

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