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The number of physicians working as hospitalists is thought to have increased dramatically since the term emerged in 1990. In Use of Hospitalists by Medicare Beneficiaries, A National Picture, the authors developed the MD-PPAS database, in which they identified hospitalists as physicians trained in primary care who billed at least 90 percent of their total charges in a year for Medicare in inpatient settings. Their findings, published in Volume 4, Issue 2 of Medicare and Medicaid Research Review, show that hospitalists made up 4.4 percent of all physicians serving Medicare beneficiaries in 2011 and 13.3 percent of primary care physicians. Over a quarter of Medicare admissions had a hospitalist as the attending physician, though the rate was much higher for medical than surgical admissions (32 percent versus 11 percent). Between 2009 and 2011, medical admissions with a hospitalist attending increased from 26 percent to 32 percent. The ability to identify hospitalists from claims data will help research on the impact of hospitalist use on quality and cost.

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Ten hydrogeologic provinces of California are represented by a region- class feature called "provinces" within this digital data set. These provinces were identified and defined in the USGS Water Resource Investigation Report (WRIR) 03-4166 (Belitz and others, 2003) titled, "Framework for a Ground-water Quality Monitoring and Assessment Plan for California". Hydrogeologic provinces are generalized areas where hydrology and/or geology have similar characteristics. The Southern Cal Islands group was not previously defined as a province in WRIR 03-4166, and is therefore identified as a group in this dataset. These provinces were created by grouping polygons from two formally created digital data sets into respective provinces. New polygons were created where necessary. The two digital data set sources consisted of watershed polygons (calwater) and groundwater basin polygons (gw_basins) compiled to create an original publication of hydrogeologic province boundaries in the form of a region-class within the data set. By symbolizing on the region- class, the user can view the ten hydrogeologic provinces and one grouped province in their simplest representation, without watershed and ground- water basin boundaries obscuring the province areas. Original polygons for both the watershed data set and the ground-water basin data set were retained as much as possible.

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The Floodplain Mapping/Redelineation study deliverables depict and quantify the flood risks for the study area. The primary risk classifications used are the 1-percent-annual-chance flood event, the 0.2-percent-annual- chance flood event, and areas of minimal flood risk. The Floodplain Mapping/Redelineation flood risk boundaries are derived from the engineering information Flood Insurance Studies (FISs), previously published Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs), flood hazard analyses performed in support of the FISs and FIRMs, and new mapping data, where available. The FISs and FIRMs are published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).

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This data product contains avian habitat data collected on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska, USA, during 21 May – 10 June 2012. We conducted replicated 10-min surveys at 111 points located along 9 transects occurring over gradients of physical and biotic habitat conditions and recorded observations of individual birds identified to species. Survey points, or sites, were located approximately 500 m apart and observations of birds were limited to a maximum distance of 250 m to prevent double counting. We visited each survey site 2–3 times and assumed community closure within the survey period. Mean interval (±SD) between site-specific surveys was 5.8 ± 2.4 days. We measured 13 vegetative characteristics at 10 subsampling points associated with each bird survey location during 26 June – 11 July 2012. Five subsampling plots were located along each of two 20-m transects with random orientation (0–359 degrees). One transect originated at the bird survey point, and the other at a point selected randomly within 250 m of the bird survey point. At each subsampling point, we estimated overlapping coverages within six vegetation classes, including alder (Alnus spp.), dwarf birch (Betula spp.), ericaceous shrubs (e.g., Empetrum, Vaccinium spp.), herbaceous, lichen (e.g., Cladonia spp.), and willow (Salix spp.) using a 0.5-m2 quadrat frame, and recorded the height of the tallest plant of each type within the sampling frame. We recorded visual obstruction (VOR), an index of vegetation of height and density, at each subsampling point measured from a distance of 2 m and at a height of 0.5 m. Analyses of these data are published in: McNew, L. B., and C. M. Handel. 2015. Evaluating species richness: biased ecological inference results from spatial heterogeneity in species detection probabilities. Ecological Applications 25: in press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-1248.1

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Contains temperature, pH, and CH4 and CO2 concentration profiles in the surface 50 cm of peat.

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The 1425 NEW YORK AVENUE network is a small network used to process SCI data. It consists of 12 workstations with one server located in SCIF.

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Scientists from the Fishery Resource Analysis and Monitoring (FRAM) division at the NOAA Fisheries Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NWFSC), the Fishery Resources Division (FRD) at the Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC), and the Pacific region of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) conducted the 2013 Integrated Acoustic Survey (IAT) survey aboard the NOAA Ship Bell M. Shimada and the Canadian Coast Guard Ship (CCGS) W.E. Ricker. Both vessels are stern trawlers equipped for fisheries and oceanographic research. The Shimada surveyed from 32.8?N to 51.1?N between June 9 and August 25, and the Ricker surveyed from 51.4?N to 54.7?N between August 22 and September 11. Hake aggregations were targeted along the continental shelf and upper slope of the entire survey area; sardine aggregations were targeted only as far north as the northwest end of Vancouver Island. The portion of the survey conducted with the Bell M. Shimada focuses on both Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) and Pacific hake (Merluccius productus), a Joint U.S.-Canada Integrated Acoustic and Trawl Survey of Pacific Hake and Pacific Sardine (SaKe 2013) covered the area from the Southern California Bight (SCB), CA to north end of the Vancouver Island, Canada. The data include here are those collected on NOAA Ship Bell M. Shimada only, i.e. Sake 2013 data only. The survey began in the SCB, proceeded north toward Dixon Entrance, and finished along the west side of Haida Gwaii (formerly called the Queen Charlotte Islands). In the SCB, nine parallel line transects (spaced roughly 20 nmi apart and oriented northeast-southwest) spanned from San Diego to Point Conception. Approximately 30 nmi north of Point Conception, acoustic transects assumed an east-west orientation, were spaced 10 nmi apart, and ranged from the 30-m isobath (or as close to shore as was safely navigable) to either the 1,500-m isobath or a location 35 nmi west of the inshore waypoint, whichever was farther offshore. (Transects north of Vancouver Island went inshore to the 50-m isobath or as close to shore as was safely navigable.) Transects in Dixon Entrance had a northsouth orientation. A few transects along the west coast of Haida Gwaii were run as modified zigzags due to time constraints. The Shimada was tasked with completing transects up to the north end of Vancouver Island, at which point the Ricker would complete the remainder. All transects were traversed sequentially, usually in alternating directions. When hake were detected at the offshore end of a transect, the vessel proceeded west to the end of the hake sign and then beyond for an additional 0.5 nmi to ensure that the end of the aggregation was located. This protocol was in place to ensure that the interpolation algorithm calculated the correct biomass at the offshore ends of transects.

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Temperature profiles were collected from XBT casts from the GULF TRADER from 01 August 1973 to 13 September 1973. Data were collected by Lyke Brothers Lines as part of the Marine Resources Monitoring, Assessment and Prediction (MARMAP) project. Data were processed by NODC to the NODC standard Universal bathythermograph Output (UBT) format. Full format description is available from NODC at www.nodc.noaa.gov/General/NODC-Archive/bt.html. The UBT format contains temperature-depth profile data obtained using expendable bathythermograph (XBT) instruments. Cruise information, position, date and time were reported for each observation. The data records are comprised of pairs of temperature-depth values. The XBT data files contain temperature values at non-uniform depths. These depths were recorded at the minimum number of points (''''inflection points'''') required to accurately define the temperature curve. Standard XBTs can obtain profiles to depths of 450 m or 760 m. Special instruments permitted measurements to 1830 m.

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The Pentagon Channel's Fit for Duty episodes that feature a variety of fitness-building techniques, such as Marine Corps Martial Arts and weight training.

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This data set contains vector lines representing the shoreline and coastal habitats of Louisiana classified according to the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) classification system. This data set comprises a portion of the ESI for Louisiana. ESI data characterize the marine and coastal environments and wildlife by their sensitivity to spilled oil. The ESI data include information for three main components: shoreline habitats, sensitive biological resources, and human-use resources.

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PBGC is allowed access to the Alpha Access to Employer Identification Query (AEQY), Detailed Earnings Query (DEQY) and the Summary Earnings Query (SEQY).

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The Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM) Database depicts flood risk Information And supporting data used to develop the risk data. The primary risk; classificatons used are the 1-percent-annual-chance flood event, the 0.2-percent- annual-chance flood event, and areas of minimal flood risk. The DFIRM Database is derived from Flood Insurance Studies (FISs), previously published Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs), flood hazard analyses performed in support of the FISs and FIRMs, and new mapping data, where available. The FISs and FIRMs are published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The file is georeferenced to earth's surface using the UTM projection and coordinate system. The specifications for the horizontal control of DFIRM data files are consistent with those required for mapping at a scale of 1:12,000.

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Terrain data, as defined in FEMA Guidelines and Specifications, Appendix N: Data Capture Standards, describes the digital topographic data that was used to create the elevation data representing the terrain environment of a watershed and/or floodplain. Terrain data requirements allow for flexibility in the types of information provided as sources used to produce final terrain deliverables. Once this type of data is provided, FEMA will be able to account for the origins of the flood study elevation data. (Source: FEMA Guidelines and Specifications, Appendix N, Section N.1.2). NAD83 State Plane Kentucky Single Zone FIPS 1600 is the projection and coordinate system for this project.

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This system covers the development and maintenance of the National Highway Institute (NHI) Web site and supporting information management system containing web content, accounting, contracting, course, session, customer, and instructor data.

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This Comprehensive Conservation Plan CCP was written to guide management on Deep Fork NWR for the next 15 years. This plan outlines the Refuge vision and purpose and describes how Deep Fork NWR will contribute to the overall mission of the Refuge System. The plan provides an introduction to the Refuge, legal mandates, the longrange management strategy, goals and objectives, and management action plan synthesis by fiscal year. Key planning issues include: climate, hydrology, soils, vegetation, wildlife, air quality, and cultural resources.

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Optoelectronic integrated circuits offer radiation-hard solutions for satellite systems with much improved SWPB (size, weight, power and bandwidth). The phased array for sensing and data transfer is one system that optoelectronics can impact in the near term. It is known that optical delay could enable optimum beam steering electronic scanning . Lidar is another sensing system using optical beams that requires mechanical steering. In this SBIR a new integrated circuit technology is applied to the RF array with true time delay for beam steering and combined in the same physical location with an optical beam steered via current control. The integrated components required are lasers, amplifiers, modulators, detectors and optical waveguide switches. The RF at Ka band is generated by an optoelectronic oscillator and converted to RF power in a photodiode at the antenna element. The antenna element is a printed dipole on chip with optimized dimensions Ka band operation. The optical source is an array of vertical cavity lasers closely spaced and coupled by anti-guiding to enable coherent operation. Optical beam steering is achieved by controlling the current in a 2D array. In this SBIR, ODIS will develop the key components integration to produce common RF/optical aperture operation.

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The Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM) Database depicts flood risk Information And supporting data used to develop the risk data. The primary risk; classificatons used are the 1-percent-annual-chance flood event, the 0.2-percent- annual-chance flood event, and areas of minimal flood risk. The DFIRM Database is derived from Flood Insurance Studies (FISs), previously published Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs), flood hazard analyses performed in support of the FISs and FIRMs, and new mapping data, where available. The FISs and FIRMs are published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The file is georeferenced to earth's surface using the UTM projection and coordinate system. The specifications for the horizontal control of DFIRM data files are consistent with those required for mapping at a scale of 1:12,000.

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The central Platte River Valley provides crucial staging habitat for the endangered whooping crane Grus americana and the midcontinent population of sandhill cranes Grus canadensis. Platte River flow depletions and the conversion of native wet meadows for agriculture and other purposes has decreased the cranes natural habitat in the central Platte River Valley, and waste corn now makes up most of the cranes diet while they are in the Valley. The purpose of this research was to measure organochlorine, elemental contaminant, and pesticide exposure to sandhill cranes from the central Platte River Valley, and to evaluate their reproductive condition. Pesticides and organochlorines were measured in soil and waste corn samples collected from cornfields where sandhill cranes foraged. Elemental andor organochlorine contaminants were measured in sandhill crane carcass, liver, brain, muscle, and kidney tissues. Reproduction in sandhill cranes was evaluated by measuring sex steroids in blood plasma and by histological examination of gonads. Sandhill cranes collected from the central Platte River Valley in 1999 and 2001 appeared to be in normal reproductive condition and concentrations of organochlorines in their tissues were not at levels considered harmful. In addition, pesticides in corn and soil from cornfields were all below detection. Elemental contaminants measured in crane tissues also were generally low, with the exception of boron. Concentrations of boron in sandhill crane livers n 7 averaged 43.60 3.59 mgkg dw and exceeded reproductive toxicity thresholds established for mallards. Boron concentrations also were detected at higher concentrations than previously reported in sandhill crane livers analyzed ten years earlier in the same study area. More research is needed to identify sources of boron in the area and further evaluate whether boron exposure to sandhill cranes may be adversely affecting their reproductive potential.

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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), is producing detailed geologic maps of the coastal sea floor. Imagery, originally collected by NOAA for charting purposes, provides a fundamental framework for research and management activities along this part of Long Island Sound, shows the composition and terrain of the seabed, and provides information on sediment transport and benthic habitat. Interpretive data layers were derived from the multibeam echo-sounder data and sidescan-sonar data collected north of Plum Island, New York. During November 2009, bottom photographs and surficial sediment data were acquired as part of a ground-truth reconnaissance survey. For more information on the ground-truth survey see http://quashnet.er.usgs.gov/data/2009/09059/.

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The Floodplain Mapping/Redelineation study deliverables depict and quantify the flood risks for the study area. The primary risk classifications used are the 1-percent-annual-chance flood event, the 0.2-percent-annual- chance flood event, and areas of minimal flood risk. The Floodplain Mapping/Redelineation flood risk boundaries are derived from the engineering information Flood Insurance Studies (FISs), previously published Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs), flood hazard analyses performed in support of the FISs and FIRMs, and new mapping data, where available. The FISs and FIRMs are published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).

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Savannah Harbor, located near the mouth of the Savannah River, Georgia and South Carolina, is impacted by industrial and municipal effluents. Contaminants released to the river are ultimately stored in the sediments but redistributed through dredging and shipping operations. For proper management of the system and protection of wildlife resources, contaminated areas need to be located. During 1991, sediment samples were collected at 26 sites within the harbor area for toxicity testing with luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum and the amphipod Hyalella azteca. The bacteria were tested with pore water and solidphase sediment according to standard Microtox R assay procedures, and H. azteca were exposed to pore water and solidphase sediment in 10day staticrenewal tests. The Microtox assays on pore water were inconsistent and less predictivethan H. azteca; pore water collected on site was toxic EC50s 60 at eight stations, whereas pore water collected in the laboratory was toxic at all stations. Porewater toxicity to H. azteca was more pronounced than that shown in the solidphase sediment. Toxicity and reduced leaf consumption demonstrated reduce sediment quality at specific sites within Savannah Harbor and Back River. The primary factors contributing to decreased sediment quality were ammonia and metal cadmium, chromium, lead, molybdenum, and nickel concentrations. Elevated concentrations of metals and toxicities in Back River sediments indicate impacts from adjacent dredgespoil areas.

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These files contain topographic lidar data collected by the Compact Hydrographic Airborne Rapid Total Survey (CHARTS) system along the coast of North Carolina near the town of Duck. CHARTS integrates topographic and bathymetric lidar sensors, a digital camera and a hyperspectral scanner on a single remote sensing platform for use in coastal mapping and charting activities. Data coverage generally extends along the coastline from the waterline inland 500 meters (topography) and offshore 1,000 meters or to laser extinction (bathymetry), however, no bathymetry was collected for this data set. Native lidar data is not generally in a format accessible to most Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Specialized in-house and commercial software packages are used to process the native lidar data into 3-dimensional positions that can be imported into GIS software for visualization and further analysis. Horizontal positions, provided in decimal degrees of latitude and longitude, are referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). Vertical positions are referenced to the NAD83 ellipsoid and provided in meters. The National Geodetic Survey's (NGS) GEOID03 model is used to transform the vertical positions from ellipsoid to orthometric heights referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). The 3-D position data are sub-divided into a series of ASCII file products, with each covering approximately 5 kilometers of shoreline. The ASCII columns are Longitude, Latitude, UTM Zone, Easting, Northing, Elevation (orthometric), Elevation (ellipsoid), Date, Time, and Intensity. ASCII data were transformed to LAS format in ellipsoid heights.

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<p>The need for reliable, high capacity, radiation tolerant nonvolatile memory exists in many Human space flight applications. Most projects rely on COTS hardware for a data storage system with very little assurance of radiation performance. The goal of this idea is to develop a high capacity nonvolatile memory system that is radiation tolerant. The concept uses commercially available nand-flash devices that are built with certain radiation immunity. To enhance radiation performance this concept incorporates error detection and correction. The concept is based on technology already explored by the Advanced Space Suit project. The purpose is to complete the work already started by the Advanced Space Suit project using available components. The first phase will prototype a design of the nand-flash memory array board interfaced to the error detection and correction algorithm implemented on an FPGA development board. Radiation testing will be performed by the JSC EV-5 radiation group.</p>

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This shapefile contains information about the shallow-water (<40 meters) geology and biology of the seafloor in Coral Bay, St. John in the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI). It was created by manually delineating and classifying habitats visible in a 0.3x0.3 meter aerial photograph mosaic, and by using edge detection algorithms and boosted regression trees to automatically delineate and classify habitat features visible in 0.3x0.3 meter LiDAR surfaces. Habitat features less than 100 square meters were not delineated from the orthomosaic, and were removed from habitat polygons derived from the LiDAR surfaces using ET Geowizards ArcGIS extension. Manually delineated habitat polygons were digitized at a scale of 1:1,000. Habitat polygon boundaries derived from the LiDAR surfaces were smoothed in ArcGIS to more closely match the 1:1,000 scale used for manual digitizing. Georeferenced underwater video & photos were used to train the analyst and algorithm to classify the major and detailed geomorphological structure, percent hard bottom, major and detailed biological cover and live coral cover for each polygon. The thematic accuracy of the map was assessed qualitatively by local experts and quantitatively using randomly sampled locations stratified by detailed geomorpholoigcal structure type. Thematic accuracies for major and detailed geomorphological structure, percent hardbottom, major and detailed biological cover, live coral cover and dominant coral type were: 93.0%, 75.1%, 86.2%, 86.5%, 74.5%, 83.3% and 88.2%, respectively. These thematic accuracies are similar to the thematic accuracies reported for other NOAA benthic habitat mapping efforts around Buck Island in St. Croix (>81.4%), in St. John (>80%), in the Main Eight Hawaiian Islands (>84.0%) and in the Republic of Palau (>80.0%).